The Chinese Journal of diabetes recently released the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of diabetes in the Elderly in China (2024 Edition). Seventeen chapters were used to further refine and optimize the blood glucose management path of elderly diabetes based on the 2021 version of the guidelines from the aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis, typing, prevention, education, management, medication, etc. of elderly diabetes and its complications. What nutrition treatment points are emphasized in the newly released diagnosis and treatment guidelines for middle-aged and elderly diabetes? As we all know, for diabetes patients of all ages, "nutrition treatment" is the basis of treatment and should run through the whole process of diabetes treatment. It plays an important role in achieving the goal of controlling blood sugar, blood pressure and blood lipid, maintaining the target weight, and preventing or delaying complications of diabetes. In the nutrition treatment part of this guide, in addition to re emphasizing the importance of nutrition assessment and nutrition risk screening for elderly patients with diabetes, the following points are also highlighted. Key point 1: The formulation of nutritional treatment plans must be individualized. As elderly people have already formed their own dietary habits in long-term life (which are difficult to change), appropriate adjustments should be made based on their inherent dietary habits, combined with their strong willingness to change their dietary structure, ability to obtain healthy food, and other factors. Key point 2: Monitor the "quality" and "quantity" of carbohydrates with the goal of delaying blood sugar elevation, reducing blood sugar fluctuations, and improving blood lipid levels. Within the ability range of elderly people (such as chewing ability, gastric emptying ability, digestion ability, etc.), consume foods rich in dietary fiber while eating carbohydrates. However, the guide does not give specific carbohydrate intake, because "the optimal carbohydrate intake for elderly patients with diabetes is still uncertain". It is also mentioned that elderly patients with gastric paresis and gastrointestinal dysfunction should avoid excessive intake of dietary fiber. Key point 3: Pay attention to the order of carbohydrate, protein, and vegetable intake in the three meals of elderly patients. Delaying the intake of carbohydrate rich foods (i.e., placing them in the latter half of each meal) can help reduce the increase in postprandial blood sugar and help stabilize postprandial blood sugar. Key point 4: It is necessary to moderately increase protein intake to ensure adequate dietary energy intake to avoid muscle protein decomposition. In addition, due to the low muscle content of elderly diabetes patients, it is necessary to moderately increase protein intake. The guide specifically recommends consuming high-quality protein rich in branched chain amino acids such as leucine (such as whey protein). In addition, elderly diabetes patients with long-term unbalanced food intake should pay attention to vitamin and mineral supplementation. The focus of our discussion in this article is "Key Point 4", which is about proteins. Protein is very important for the physical condition of the elderly! Next is the important core content that needs to be emphasized. How much protein do elderly people with different physical conditions need? Healthy elderly people need to consume protein at a rate of 1.0-1.3 grams per kilogram per day; Elderly patients with concurrent acute and chronic diseases are required to consume 1.2-1.5 grams/kg of protein daily. Elderly people with muscle wasting or severe malnutrition should consume at least 1.5 grams per kilogram of protein per day. Have diabetes
Edit：GuoGuo Responsible editor：FangZhiYou
Source：people.cn
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