On the 19th, the reporter learned from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences that the Institute cooperated with researchers from other units to synthesize new nuclides osmium-160 and tungsten 156 for the first time. The relevant results were recently published in the Physics Review Letters. "The atomic nucleus is a quantum multi-body system composed of protons and neutrons." Gan Zaigou, a researcher at the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the Science and Technology Daily that different numbers of protons and neutrons constitute atomic nuclei with different properties, which scientists call nuclides. The synthesis and research of new nuclides are not only of great significance for understanding the structure of matter, but also provide important information for understanding the evolution of celestial environments, and are important means of exploring the mysteries of nature. Stay away from β The evolution of the nuclear shell structure of stable lines has always been a hot topic in nuclear physics research. In the neutron deficient region, the synthesis of new nuclides is related to α Measurement of decay properties is one of the effective ways to study shell structure and its evolution. Relying on the Lanzhou heavy ion accelerator, the research team used the inflatable recoil nuclear spectrometer SHANS to synthesize new nuclides osmium-160 and tungsten 156 through fusion evaporation reaction. Osium-160 (neutron number 84) has α Radioactive, while tungsten 156 (with a neutron count of 82) has β+ Decaying radioactivity. The research team measured the concentration of osmium-160 α Properties such as decay particle energy, half-life, and half-life of tungsten 156. Researchers have found through systematic analysis of new measurement data and existing data that when the atomic number is greater than 68, the neutron numbers of 84 and 85 for the same neutron element are α The probability of particle pre formation gradually decreases, revealing the phenomenon of enhanced shell effect with a neutron number of 82 in neutron deficient nuclides. After further research, they believe that the reason for the enhanced effect is due to the continuous approach to the potentially stable double magic nucleus - lead-164 (with 82 protons and 82 neutrons). Yang Huabin, associate researcher of the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, introduced that this research clearly gave the evolution of the neutron shell with the neutron number of 82 on the side of the neutron deficient nuclide for the first time, which is helpful to understand the limit of the existence of nuclides in depth, and at the same time, it has brought China's new nuclide research into a new nuclear area. (Lai Xin She)
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：Sci-Tech Daily
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