Before starting to refute rumors, please understand the three essential conditions for HIV transmission: 1. Live virus. The virus must be alive in order to spread. HIV can only survive in the human body and will soon die without the body. Especially in high temperature and dry external environments, fragile HIV can quickly die. 2. Sufficient quantity. When the viral load is too low, our immune system can kill them. The HIV content in urine, tears, sweat, and saliva is very low or non-existent, which is not enough to cause transmission. Only in body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions, pleural and ascitic fluids, cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, and breast milk, the content of the virus is very high, and the risk of infection is also relatively high. 3. Can enter the body. A sufficient amount of live viruses must enter the human body in order to cause infection. This means that the skin and mucous membranes (vagina, rectum, oral cavity, etc.) of the contact must have punctures, and the three major transmission conditions mentioned earlier cannot be omitted. By understanding the above three points, the following rumors can be easily debunked. Rumor 1: Swimming in public swimming pools and using commercial toilets can lead to HIV infection. Truth: The content of HIV in saliva, sweat, and tears is very low, which is not enough to constitute a transmission condition. Therefore, HIV will not be transmitted through public facilities such as toilets, telephones, hotel supplies, restaurant utensils, swimming pools or bathtubs. In addition, the water in the swimming pool is regularly disinfected with chlorine, which can effectively kill other viruses. Myth 2: HIV infection equals AIDS. Truth: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, commonly known as AIDS virus) can attack human immune cells (mainly CD4 cells), which gradually weakens human immunity. But if early detection and correct treatment can be carried out, HIV can be carried for decades without developing into AIDS. So how can we count AIDS? The clinical diagnostic criteria are: carrying AIDS virus and having opportunistic infection caused by low immunity, or having less than 200 CD4 cells per microliter of blood. It is a long and complicated process from infection with AIDS virus to the final stage. According to the clinical manifestations after infection, the whole process of HIV infection can be divided into acute stage, asymptomatic stage and AIDS stage. When the disease develops to the AIDS stage, it is considered as a AIDS patient. Rumor 3: HIV can be transmitted through mosquito bites. Truth: Mosquito bites do not transmit HIV. According to research calculations, a healthy person is at risk of contracting HIV only after being repeatedly bitten 10 million times by the very small amount of virus remaining in the blood on the mosquito's mouth. Moreover, HIV cannot replicate within mosquitoes. Myth 4: AIDS will be caused if you are pricked by an "AIDS needle". Truth: Being stabbed by a needle carrying HIV does have a certain chance of infection, but the vast majority of cases occur in medical (blood transfusion or occupational exposure) and drug use (sharing syringes) settings. Rumor 5: If infected with HIV, one will undoubtedly die. Truth: At present, the treatment of AIDS can effectively control the amount of virus in the body, keep the immune function close to the normal level, and greatly reduce the probability of various opportunistic infections and tumors, or even do not occur. So the long-term survival of HIV infected individuals has become a reality. Although it cannot be cured
Edit：GuoGuo Responsible editor：FangZhiYou
Source：gmw.cn
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