Pay attention to lung health in autumn and winter seasons
2023-11-15
November 12th is World Pneumonia Day, and this year's theme is "Jointly Preventing Pneumonia and Safeguarding a Healthy Life". With the recent "cliff cooling", pneumonia has also entered the high incidence season of autumn and winter. Lai Yanping, director of the Respiratory Department at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, said that although pneumonia is not unfamiliar, it is often not taken seriously. To learn more about pneumonia, prevent its occurrence, and protect the health of family and oneself. Pneumonia is actually both familiar and unfamiliar to us. We are familiar because we have just experienced the impact of COVID-19 and have a certain understanding of pneumonia. Strange to say, it is because the public's awareness and attention to pneumonia are still insufficient. Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs and is a common and frequently occurring disease of the respiratory system. There are many pathogens that cause pneumonia, which can be divided into bacterial, viral, mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc. according to the source of infection. In clinical practice, bacterial pneumonia is the most common, and this autumn and winter, mycoplasma pneumonia has attracted widespread attention. The symptoms of pneumonia include coughing, expectoration, decreased appetite, chills, fever, etc., which are easily confused with colds. In severe cases, chest pain, shortness of breath or difficulty, decreased blood pressure, and blurred consciousness may occur. The initial symptoms of pneumonia are very similar to those of a cold, manifested as fever, mild cough, etc. If there is no targeted treatment, but relying on experience to treat oneself, it is easy to delay the condition. If the cough lasts for more than a week or the fever lasts for more than 3 days, it is important to take it seriously and seek medical attention in a timely manner. Severe pneumonia can be life-threatening, and it is important to seek medical attention promptly. People with low immunity, especially infants, young children, and the elderly; Patients with chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic lung diseases, diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease and other patients; Long term bedridden population; Vomiting and aspiration after being drunk; Smokers; People who live in poor environments for a long time are susceptible to pneumonia. Pathogens causing pneumonia, such as novel coronavirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza virus, etc., can be transmitted through respiratory droplets, mucosal contact, etc. However, after the pathogen is transmitted to others, new infected individuals may exhibit mild respiratory symptoms or asymptomatic symptoms, which may not necessarily lead to pneumonia. Pneumonia is preventable and controllable. Stay away from the invasion of pneumonia and start with some details in daily life to avoid infection. Firstly, we should maintain a healthy lifestyle, quit smoking, exercise moderately, eat a reasonable diet, maintain a balanced diet, get sufficient sleep, exercise regularly, and enhance our immune system. For susceptible populations, such as children and the elderly, when encountering climate change, it is necessary to add or remove clothing at any time to reduce the likelihood of catching a cold; Wash hands with hand sanitizer, soap, and running water before meals and after defecation. Whether in the home, school, or workplace, it is necessary to maintain a clean and well ventilated environment; During seasons with high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases such as autumn and winter, try to minimize visits to densely populated and poorly ventilated areas to reduce opportunities for contact with the affected population; When going out normally, especially when entering crowded places, it is still important to wear masks. In addition, for children, the elderly and other high incidence groups of pneumonia, vaccination can be used for prevention. Vaccination includes pneumococcal vaccine and influenza vaccine. Reporter Zhuang Yuan
Edit：GuoGuou Responsible editor：FangZhiYou
Source：gmw.cn
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