November 14 is the United Nations diabetes Day, and this year's theme is "Understanding risks and coping". Early intervention for pre diabetes patients is an important means to reduce the risk of diabetes. There are many patients with diabetes in China. It is estimated that there are nearly 150 million patients with diabetes in China, and 388 million patients with pre diabetes. "The national epidemiological survey of diabetes from 2007 to 2008 showed that the prevalence rate of pre diabetes among people over 20 years old in China was 15.5%." Luo Yingying, chief physician of the Department of Endocrinology of People's Hospital of Peking University, said in an interview with Science and Technology Daily, "There are a large number of patients with pre diabetes in China, and the prevalence rate is high. However, since there are almost no symptoms in pre diabetes, it is easy to be ignored." Pre diabetes is an intermediate state between diabetes and normal blood sugar. The blood sugar value of patients with pre diabetes is higher than that of normal people, but it does not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, that is, the fasting blood sugar is higher than or equal to 6.1 mmol/L but lower than 7.0 mmol/L, or the blood sugar is higher than or equal to 7.8 mmol/L but lower than 11.1 mmol/L 2 hours after meal. In 2001, diabetes experts put forward the term "pre diabetes" to replace the previous impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), aiming to make doctors and the public pay enough attention to the slight increase of blood glucose. Luo Yingying said that heredity, overweight or obesity, family history, pregnancy hyperglycemia, bad lifestyle and other factors can cause abnormal blood glucose metabolism, leading to pre diabetes. "The main cause is bad lifestyle". Pre diabetes is an early warning signal of diabetes. Luo Yingying said: "The risk of people with pre diabetes progressing to type 2 diabetes is much higher than that of normal people." Fortunately, pre diabetes may be reversed. In other words, if the blood sugar is well controlled, it can prevent diabetes from developing into diabetes in the early stage, and it is even expected to return the blood sugar to normal. For example, for pre diabetes caused by overweight, weight loss can be reversed. However, not all pre diabetes can be reversed. Luo Yingying told the reporter: "Among pre diabetes patients, about 1/3 of their blood sugar may return to normal, about 1/3 of them will progress to diabetes, and about 1/3 of them will maintain the status of pre diabetes." Then, how can pre diabetes patients successfully reverse it? Luo Yingying emphasized that the key lies in changing lifestyle. "For patients with pre diabetes, lifestyle intervention such as diet control and exercise can delay or prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes," she said. The famous "Daqing Study" in China proves this point. In the 1980s, China began to carry out a study on pre intervention of diabetes. Through the investigation and follow-up of a large sample of people in Daqing Oilfield for 30 years, the study found that six years of lifestyle intervention could reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by 39%, and the median onset time of type 2 diabetes was delayed by 3.96 years. What is a reasonable lifestyle intervention? Luo Yingying said, "Patients with pre diabetes should control their total dietary calories, increase their vegetable intake, and reduce their alcohol and monosaccharide intake
Edit：GuoGuou Responsible editor：FangZhiYou
Source：people.cn
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