According to the Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, since 2021, the institute has increased its efforts in collecting and preserving germplasm resources for oil crops such as rapeseed, peanuts, and sesame at home and abroad. 7585 new germplasm resources have been added to the oil crop germplasm resource bank, with a resource growth rate of over 20%. The total amount of resource preservation has increased to 44300, ranking first in the world. At the same time, a large number of excellent germplasm resources with various excellent traits such as high yield, high oil content, disease resistance, and stress resistance have been excavated to meet different breeding needs. A batch of breakthrough breeding materials have been created, providing a fundamental and strategic resource guarantee for the cultivation of major new varieties of oil crops and the stable development of the seed industry. According to reports, as the only national level oil crop research institution in China, the Institute of Oil Crops of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has proposed the theory and technology of ultra-high density and ultra-high yield of rapeseed in recent years, which is expected to break through the bottleneck of rapeseed yield per unit area; We have created a rapid aggregation breeding technology system for multiple traits in rapeseed, significantly improving breeding efficiency, and achieving a world leading level in high oil content breeding. The institute has taken the global lead in completing the whole genome sequencing and analysis of crops such as cabbage, Brassica napus, sesame, and collaborated to complete the genome sequencing of wild peanuts. It has cloned a batch of important trait functional genes for the first time internationally and revealed relevant genetic mechanisms. It has created a basic platform for exploring and applying plant microsatellite DNA, providing important technological support for biological breeding research. In terms of breeding, the institute has developed over 20 combinations of short growth period rapeseed. Among them, "Zhongyouzao 1" was tested in Wan'an, Jiangxi, with a yield of 175.7 kilograms per mu, an increase of 26.5% compared to the local main varieties. The growth period is only 169 days, creating a high yield record for short growth period rapeseed under the "three cropping system" model, and breaking the bottleneck of the development and utilization of the "multiple cropping system" in winter fallow fields in the south. The new soybean variety "Zhongdou63" has achieved a demonstration yield of 256.6 kilograms per mu in the saline alkali land of Dongying, Shandong, which is nearly twice the national average soybean yield level. The new high oleic acid early maturing peanut variety "Zhonghua 215" has an average yield of 680.03 kilograms per mu in Xiangyang, Hubei, setting a new record for high peanut yield in the Yangtze River Basin. (New News Agency)
Edit：Hu Sen Ming Responsible editor：Li Xi
Source：people.com.cn
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