Do you know? Babies also experience hypoglycemia
2023-09-11
Many people believe that hypoglycemia is more common in adults, but in fact, children and even newborns can also experience hypoglycemia. If the blood sugar value of diabetes patients is less than 3.9mmol/L, it belongs to the category of hypoglycemia. Neonatal hypoglycemia refers to newborns whose blood sugar is below 2.2mmol/L. Babies with hypoglycemia generally have no special symptoms and can easily delay seeking medical attention. Today, let's talk to novice parents about the reasons and treatment plans for low blood sugar in babies. The three major factors that lower the baby's blood sugar glycogen reserves and imbalanced consumption are the main causes of hypoglycemia, including insufficient liver glycogen reserves in premature and small for gestational age infants. They are also related to impaired gluconeogenesis and delayed glucagon response. Newborns are prone to hypoxia, acidosis, hypothermia, and hypotension during illness, leading to increased secretion of catecholamines and anaerobic metabolism, accelerating sugar consumption, and lowering blood sugar levels. The imbalanced mechanism of glucose regulation and maintenance of blood glucose balance mainly rely on insulin to promote glycogen generation and glucagon to promote glycogen decomposition. The neonatal islet cells of diabetes mothers proliferate and insulin secretion is excessive. Hypoglycemia often occurs 4 to 6 hours after birth and lasts until 48 hours after birth. Glycogen accumulation disorder and small for gestational age infants may experience hypoglycemia due to reduced glycogen breakdown. These symptoms are symptoms of sympathetic nervous stimulation, such as palpitations, shaking hands, sweating, and overall fatigue, that the body may experience when alerting adults to hypoglycemia. However, in the early stages of neonatal hypoglycemia, there are generally no special symptoms, and in severe cases, typical symptoms may appear, such as lack of movement, screaming, feeding difficulties, hypothermia, convulsions, coma, respiratory depression, and apnea. They can also be combined with brain tissue damage and ketosis. There are three main types of people prone to neonatal hypoglycemia: children whose mothers have a history of diabetes or pregnancy induced hypertension; Children with polycythemia, ABO or Rh blood group incompatibility hemolytic disease; Premature and small for gestational age infants. Parents need to pay more attention to their daily care for babies with hypoglycemia. Dietary regulation: Start breastfeeding as early as possible, whether it's breast milk or formula feeding. For hypoglycemia caused by congenital metabolic disorders, such as galactosamia or fructose intolerance, milk should be discontinued and lactose free food should be given. Individuals with poor fructose tolerance should avoid sucrose, sweets, or fruits and adopt a fructose free diet. Like adults, children with low blood sugar should also avoid high sugar and high protein diets, and eat small amounts and multiple meals. Pay attention to keeping warm in cold weather. When the weather is cold, it is important to strengthen the baby's warm work to reduce their energy consumption, which is beneficial for preventing and treating neonatal hypoglycemia. Low blood sugar babies need to seek medical treatment in a timely manner. After experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia, in mild cases, they should immediately supplement an appropriate amount of sugar containing foods that absorb quickly. Severe cases must be immediately sent to the hospital for intravenous glucose injection, and if necessary, hydrocortisone should be added to prevent accidents from occurring. After waking up, it is important to closely observe for hours to days and be vigilant for the recurrence of hypoglycemia. For the newborn population with high incidence of hypoglycemia, timely blood glucose monitoring is even more necessary, with monitoring conducted every 1-2 hours. Continuous monitoring twice is considered normal, and monitoring can be stopped. In addition, the physical condition of newborns is relatively weak, which is prone to infection. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of newborns
Edit：GuoGuo Responsible editor：FangZhiYou
Source：gmw.cn
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