When I am young, I do not know the moon. I call it a white jade plate. I doubt the Yaotai Mirror, flying in the blue clouds. Throughout history, human curiosity and exploration of the moon have never stopped. At the first Guizhou Science and Technology Festival held from August 5 to 9, Liu Jianzhong, executive editor of the 1:2.5 million lunar full moon digital geological series map and researcher of the Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, shared the process of "painting" the moon. Last May, a team of Chinese scientists announced the completion of the first 1:2.5 million lunar geological map. In February of this year, this study was selected as one of the top ten technological innovation achievements in Guizhou Province in 2022. We spent 10 years working on this set of high-definition maps, "Liu Jianzhong said. Geological maps are different from ordinary maps in daily contact, mainly because they express information about geological evolution and can reflect geological processes such as lunar magmatism, impact events, and volcanic activity. 12341 impact craters, 81 impact basins, 17 rock types... In addition to these elements, you can also find the landing site of the first human lunar landing, the Chang'e-3 landing site, and the "Guanghan Palace" explored by the Yutu lunar rover. Drawing high-precision lunar geological maps can provide important basic data for lunar scientific research, exploration planning, and landing site selection, "Liu Jianzhong said. It is an extremely complex system engineering to condense the development and evolution of the moon over billions of years onto a single map. As early as 2012, Ouyang Ziyuan, an academician of the CAS Member, proposed that the Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the leading unit, take the lead in scientific research and project approval for the preparation of the lunar geological map. At that time, although lunar exploration activities were in the ascendant both domestically and internationally, there was a lack of high-precision lunar geological maps, either with insufficient accuracy or only in local areas. This is an intelligence intensive job. Soon after, with the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin University, Shandong University, the Chinese Academy of Geosciences, the China University of Geosciences (Beijing), the Institute of Geographic Science and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units have joined in. This is also a labor-intensive job. Although information technology can be used, the vast majority of lunar structures are irregular lines that can only be drawn manually for more accurate and standardized purposes. In order to make geological maps both scientific and artistic, the team also specifically consulted the Central Academy of Fine Arts on color matching. We are a multi-disciplinary alliance and collaboration, and it is difficult to complete this map without bringing these advantageous units together, "Liu Jianzhong said. Despite the participation of hundreds of researchers, the compilation still lasted for 10 years. Liu Jianzhong introduced that, unlike the Earth's dominant internal dynamic evolution, the geological evolution of the moon exhibits characteristics of early internal dynamic action being the main factor, and later external dynamic action being the main factor. The team has conducted extensive basic research on this issue. Unlike the commonly used "five part method" for lunar surface history division internationally, they have constructed a division plan of "three eras and six periods", objectively depicting the geological evolution history of the moon. Based on the data from China's Chang'e project and fully utilizing other international lunar exploration data and research achievements, the team ultimately successfully developed the world's first 1:2.5 million lunar full moon image
Edit：XiaoWanNing Responsible editor：YingLing
Source：Xinhua network
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