The universe originated from an extremely violent Big Bang, which means that the universe was "exploded". This is the answer of the Big Bang theory to the question of "where and how the universe came into being". And the gradual understanding of the theory of the Big Bang of the universe has given rise to a series of fundamental questions closely related to humanity - how do the elements that make up the material world on Earth where humans live? Where exactly does the energy of solar radiation come from? These are all areas of nuclear astrophysics research, which closely links atomic nuclei that are too small to be seen with the naked eye to the vast universe of celestial bodies. Tiny atomic nuclei are closely related to the vast universe and celestial bodies. Humans have lived on Earth for 2 million years and have created a brilliant Earth civilization in the nearly 5000 to 6000 year history. However, how did these elements that make up the material world come into being? There was no scientific answer to this question until the birth of the science of nuclear astrophysics. Nuclear astrophysics is a frontier science formed by the intersection of nuclear physics and Astrophysics. It mainly studies the origin of the elements constituting the material world and how the nuclear engine inside the celestial body drives the celestial evolution through the Nuclear reaction at the micro level. It closely connects atomic nuclei that are too small to be visible to the naked eye with the vast universe of celestial bodies. Nuclear astrophysics is closely related to the material origin of the objective world that constitutes life and carries human life. For example, the tiny change of 10% of the famous Hoyle state Excited state energy in carbon -12 will make all heavy elements, planets and life as we know disappear. It is no exaggeration to say that humans and nuclear astrophysics have been closely connected since the creation of the universe, so this discipline has been established as a highly prioritized cutting-edge science by the scientific community since its inception. European and American countries have long regarded nuclear astrophysics as one of the most important fundamental research topics. Nuclear astrophysics research sprouted in the early 20th century due to scientists discovering that the sun has been radiating for billions of years. Where exactly does this long-lasting energy come from? On this question, American Scientist Hans Bethe gave the answer in 1938- Nuclear reaction provided endless energy for the sun, for which he also won the Nobel Prize in Physics in Physics in 1967. Another landmark work of nuclear astrophysics is the Big Bang model proposed by George Gamow, a Russian American physicist, in 1948. This process produced the most primitive and basic element in the material world - hydrogen, helium and lithium. In 1957, the famous British astronomer Fred Hoyle, the Burbage couple (Geoffrey Burbidge and Margaret Burbidge), and the American physicist William Alfred Fowler (B2FH for short) jointly published the famous paper "Element Synthesis in Stars". This paper is another landmark work in the field of nuclear astronomy. William Fowler won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for his contributions to the research of element origin. Afterwards, as astronomers observed one strange celestial phenomenon after another, it greatly stimulated the development of nuclear astrophysics and entered the golden age. In the past half century, scientists have made brilliant achievements in the fields related to nuclear celestial bodies, such as the Big Bang theory
Edit：XiaoWanNing Responsible editor：YingLing
Source：Guangming Daily
Special statement: if the pictures and texts reproduced or quoted on this site infringe your legitimate rights and interests, please contact this site, and this site will correct and delete them in time. For copyright issues and website cooperation, please contact through outlook new era email：lwxsd@liaowanghn.com
Sci-Tech
Recommended Reading Change it 
Home
