What should be checked most for physical examinations in different age groups?
2023-05-26
The body is the capital of revolution, and the annual physical examination has become a must-have "health exam" for everyone. How to choose various physical examination items when the age group era of health examination gradually begins? You should know that choosing the wrong physical examination item not only wastes money, but also may miss out on the issues that should have been screened, causing delays in the condition. This "Physical Examination Guide for Different Age Groups" is for readers to collect and reserve. There is a basic principle for selecting physical examination items based on the principle of "1+x". In 2014, China's "Expert Consensus on Basic Health Examination Items" proposed the "1+x" principle, clearly distinguishing between mandatory and alternative health examination items. "1" is a basic physical examination item, which is a required item, including physical examination, laboratory examination and auxiliary examination. For example, weight, pulse, blood pressure, blood routine, urine routine, liver function, kidney function, electrocardiogram examination, etc. "X" is a specialized physical examination project, also known as an alternative project, mainly including chronic non communicable disease risk screening and health fitness examination projects, specific projects such as urinary trace proteins, tumor markers, HIV, syphilis, Helicobacter pylori (breath test), HPV multi subtype testing, 24-hour blood pressure, 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram, breast ultrasound, gastroscopy, carotid ultrasound, bone density, thyroid ultrasound, coronary CT, etc. What are the key points of physical examination items for different age groups? How should physical examination items be selected for different age groups? [20 years old] People over 20 are in a period of graduation, work, and increased social interaction, and most of them have entered the reproductive age period, with high levels of physical resistance and immunity. At this stage, in addition to basic physical examinations, more attention should be paid to the screening and prevention of infectious diseases, such as hepatitis, gastrointestinal infections, urinary and reproductive system infections, etc. 1. In the basic physical examination items, it is recommended to focus on liver function, blood routine, lung X-ray, etc. 2. In the "x" physical examination items, it is recommended to increase the screening of infectious diseases (HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B, Helicobacter pylori and other infectious indicators). It is particularly important to note that women should pay attention to breast and gynecological reproductive system health screening after the age of 20, and can choose breast ultrasound/mammography, gynecological ultrasound, etc. Women with sexual activity can undergo additional HPV and TCT tests. Based on age and health status, it is recommended to screen for breast and gynecological diseases at least once a year. After the age of 30, one may experience high life pressure, decreased metabolism, insufficient exercise, and increased risk of gaining weight, as well as abnormalities in blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, and uric acid; People who sit for a long time are prone to problems with their cervical and lumbar vertebrae. 1. In the basic physical examination items, it is recommended to focus on blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, uric acid, etc. 2. In the "x" physical examination items, in addition to previous years' items, cervical and lumbar spine examination items can be selectively added based on personal symptoms. If there is an abnormality in blood sugar during the basic examination, it is recommended to add items such as 2-hour postprandial blood sugar, glucose tolerance test, and glycated hemoglobin. Due to the increased detection rate of thyroid nodules and lung nodules, there is a certain proportion of malignancy. It is recommended to increase thyroid ultrasound, thyroid function examination, lung CT examination, and selectively increase tumor marker screening. [40 years old] People over 40 years old enter high health risks
Edit：qihang Responsible editor：xinglan
Source：GMW.cn
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