H2 quantum processor. Photo source: New Scientist website According to the report on Nature website on the 9th, researchers from Quantum Computing Company in the United States said that they "manufactured" anyons on quantum processors for the first time, which is expected to promote the research and development of fault-tolerant quantum computer. The relevant report has been submitted to the preprint website of the paper. The elementary particle that make up the material world are usually divided into two categories according to the spin they carry: the boson with an integer spin (such as photons) and the fermion with a half integer spin (such as electrons). However, in 1977, two Norwegian scientists put forward a surprising new theory: there is a particle in the two-dimensional space, and its behavior is subject to a new fractional statistics between the boson statistics and the fermion statistics. Wilzek, an American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics, named this kind of quasiparticle anyon. Physicists predict that when anyons exchange positions or cycle (weave) with each other, the quantum state of quasiparticle will change. Weaving some types of anyons may be a useful technique for building better quantum computer. The current quantum computer is prone to errors, and the braided anyons can be better free from error interference in the storage of information, which helps scientists to develop more fault-tolerant quantum computer. In the latest research, researchers used a new quantum processor called H2, which uses ytterbium and barium ions to create quantum bits through magnetic field and laser capture. The research team weaves these qubits into a cage pattern (a network composed of interlaced triangles), and obtains the quantum mechanical properties of the qubits that are the same as the predicted anyons. Purdue University experimental physicist Michel Manfra believes that although the latest research results are impressive, they did not actually produce anyons, only simulated some of their properties. However, researchers say that the behavior of particles meets the definition and they can still serve as the foundation of quantum computing. (New News Agency)
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