Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Perform B-ultrasound on the Earth and Use Sound Waves to Find Oil and Gas
2023-05-06
From 2011 to 2021, China spent 10 years implementing the strategic action of mineral exploration breakthrough. During this period, a total of 17 billion ton scale oil fields and 21 100 billion cubic meter scale gas fields were discovered, forming 32 new non oil and gas mineral resource bases, and the total amount of main mineral resources has generally increased. The construction of petroleum energy is of great significance to our country. As a major manufacturing country, in order to develop the real economy in China, the rice bowl of energy must be in our own hands. To secure the employment of energy, we must play the primary driving force of technological innovation, and solve major issues and challenges such as energy resource constraints, ecological environment protection, and addressing climate change through technological progress. In recent years, the Solid Acoustics and Deep Drilling Team of the Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has been continuously exploring the core technology of using downhole acoustic waves to detect energy for decades, and has developed more superior downhole acoustic detection instruments, which is of great significance for supporting China's deep exploration and ensuring national energy security. ——What are the steps for editors to find oil and gas fields? The positioning of oil and gas exploration through "observation, listening, questioning, and cutting" and the use of logging tools as "eyes" is a complex and highly challenging task, with enormous risks. So, what steps do you need to go through to find an oil and gas field? Chen Dehua, a researcher at the Institute of Acoustics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Laboratory of Ultrasonics, said, "The process of finding oil and gas fields can be summarized by the four words of 'seeing, hearing, inquiring and touching' in traditional medicine." First, geologists will conduct regional surveys to determine the areas and areas where oil and gas fields may exist. This step is equivalent to "looking" and "smelling" in "looking, smelling, asking, and cutting"; Then conduct a regional survey and use artificial seismic methods to infer the structure of underground rocks. This step is equivalent to "asking", which can roughly determine which locations underground have oil and gas reservoirs; Next, the engineer will drill the first well of a potential oil and gas field - an exploration well, and conduct a detailed regional investigation, which is equivalent to "cutting". Chen Dehua said, "If you want to understand the specific location of oil and gas reservoirs and the value of oil and gas extraction, the above 'observation, hearing, and questioning' is not enough, and some high-tech methods, such as logging technology, need to be combined." Logging is known as the 'eye of the petroleum industry' because in the dark and high-temperature underground, it is impossible to directly observe the information of formation rocks, and data must be recorded and transmitted to the ground through logging instruments, This process is like the human eye receiving light signals and processing them into images for identification. By putting advanced logging instruments into the borehole, we can conduct precise detection of oil and gas layers thousands of meters underground, with accuracy reaching the centimeter level or even higher. Through logging, we can determine the properties of the formation, further evaluate the formation accurately, and determine whether the formation contains oil and gas, how much oil and gas content it contains, the thickness of the oil layer, and evaluate the recoverable amount of oil and gas, "said Chen Dehua, This process is like 'doing B-ultrasound' during a medical examination in a hospital. "Logging methods are usually divided into four types: acoustic, electrical, nuclear physics, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The method of transmitting sound waves to the formation, receiving and processing reflected or refracted sound waves, and obtaining formation information is called acoustic logging. Compared to other methods, acoustic logging is not only environmentally friendly and relatively low-cost, but more importantly, it can
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