Behind the addition of undergraduate majors: quality and characteristics are key to achieving excellence
2023-04-27
The focus of optimizing the setting of disciplines and majors is not on what kind of disciplines or majors have been established or abolished, but on forming a scientific and reasonable mechanism for adjusting disciplines and majors. In addition to the results, it also depends on the process. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a modern school system and scientifically plan the development model of disciplines and majors. In late April, the Ministry of Education announced the record and approval results of undergraduate majors in ordinary colleges and universities in 2022. The most interesting ones were a number of new majors - 21 undergraduate majors were added this time, including Earth system science, Biostatistics, Future Robotics, Work Safety Supervision, National Park Construction and Management, Medical Engineering, Rural Governance, Family Education, Barrier free Management, etc, And officially included in the "Catalogue of Undergraduate Majors in Ordinary Higher Education Institutions". These newly added majors are basically urgently needed for national strategy and regional development. Many netizens like the newly added majors, saying that majors such as autism education and family education are urgently needed and worth learning. But some people also believe that many new majors are just a flash in the pan; Some majors have low recognition during the public and postgraduate entrance exams, which cannot compare to established majors. In fact, the optimization and adjustment of majors are closely related to improving the level of talent cultivation and promoting high-quality development of higher education. Just before the Ministry of Education announced the latest professional filing and approval results, five departments including the Ministry of Education also issued a heavyweight document - the "Reform Plan for Adjusting and Optimizing the Setting of Disciplines and Majors in General Higher Education" (hereinafter referred to as the "Reform Plan"). Disciplines and majors are the foundation of talent cultivation. The head of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education pointed out that in recent years, the adjustment of the structure of disciplines and majors in higher education in China has been deeply promoted. Currently, the total number of undergraduate majors in ordinary universities in China is 66000, an increase of 17000 compared to 2012, and nearly 10000 majors have been revoked or suspended, with an annual adjustment rate of nearly 5%. The dynamic adjustment of majors is unprecedented, and a sufficient number has been promoted Professional structural reform with sufficient intensity and frequency. Disciplines and majors are the foundation of talent cultivation, serving as the four pillars and pillars for organizing and constructing a high-quality talent cultivation system. The person in charge stated that the "Reform Plan" adheres to a problem oriented approach, guides the classified and characteristic development of universities, follows the path of independent talent cultivation, and proposes three principles. One is to serve the development of the country, emphasizing the orientation of serving high-quality economic and social development, thinking about the country's needs, responding to the country's urgent needs, and establishing disciplines and majors that are urgently needed for building a strong national strategy and regional development. The second is to highlight the advantages and characteristics, emphasizing the construction of new engineering, new medical, new agriculture, and new humanities as the guide, adjusting and optimizing the professional structure, strengthening advantageous disciplines and specialties, optimizing characteristic disciplines and specialties, and forming a large number of characteristic advantageous discipline and specialty clusters and a high-level talent independent training system. The third is to strengthen collaboration and linkage, emphasizing the collaboration and linkage between the education system and industry departments, and achieving mutual matching and promotion between disciplines, majors, industry chains, innovation chains, and talent chains. In fact, this year's disciplinary and professional adjustments can precisely reflect these principles. Professor Wu Jianxin from the School of Education at Shaanxi University of Science and Technology stated that the supply side reform of subject majors in Chinese universities needs to focus on two aspects, namely strengthening the foundation
Edit：Guanguan Responsible editor：Niexiaoqian
Source：People.cn
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