Defend the rivers and mountains for the people. The phrase 'the people are strong' comes from 'Xunzi's Debate on Military Affairs', and the following sentence is' the people are weak if the people are not equal'. It is a military strategy proposed by Xunzi based on his thinking about war. The meaning is that if the people work together, the military and the country will become stronger; If the people's hearts are uneven and scattered, the military and the country will weaken. The book "Xunzi's Debate on Military Affairs" records Xunzi's military thoughts on how to govern the army and how to achieve good war results to King Xiaocheng of Zhao, especially emphasizing the important role of the people in war. Xunzi pointed out: "The ancient way that officials have heard of is that the root cause of using military to attack and fight lies with the people... Therefore, those who are good at supporting the people are those who are good at using military. Therefore, military should only be good at supporting the people." Xunzi believed that the way of using military by the monarch is to unite the people with oneself, and those who are good at making the people subordinate to themselves are truly good at using military. The key to strengthening the hearts of the people is to achieve the principles of "respecting etiquette and righteousness", "being a good scholar and loving the people", and "trustworthy government orders". Xunzi followed the ideological tradition of ancient sages and sages that "virtue is invincible" and "benevolence is invincible", proposing that "those who combine virtue with people are the king", while "those who combine strength with people" and "those who combine wealth with people" will ultimately lead to the poverty and weakness of the country. Chinese culture advocates peace and opposes war from its source, as the saying goes, "Since ancient times, we have known that military is not warlike. The ancient sages and sages, upon seeing the devastating consequences of war, were deeply saddened by the depletion of national strength, the loss of life, and the hardships faced by the people, and deeply reflected on it. During the Warring States period, the scale, severity, and destructive power of the war were far greater than before, which made Xunzi, who upheld the Confucian concept of benevolence, deeply uneasy. Looking at the statements of ancient Chinese thinkers about war, anti war is all about "loving one's love" and "loving the people". Therefore, the ancient military thought of our country was infiltrated in the cultural atmosphere of pacifism, humanitarianism and people-oriented, and formed a unique people-oriented view of war. Chinese ancient thinkers believed that the problem of war actually lies outside the battlefield, and war is only a continuation of politics and a special means of solving political problems. The main factor determining the victory or defeat of war is not just the competition of force on the battlefield. Many thinkers have wisely proposed that political factors determine the outcome of war, and good politics must win the support and support of the people. The popular support is the most prominent political factor and the most long-term and fundamental factor in determining the outcome of a war. The overthrow of Zhou by King Wu and the conversion of the Zhou Dynasty to the Yin Dynasty was an important landmark event in ancient China's shift from a political view of destiny to a political view based on the people. In the Book of Shangshu, King Wu swore: "If you receive a minister of billions, you will have a heart of billions; if you give a minister of three thousand, you will have a heart of one." Heaven's destiny belongs to public opinion, and the legitimacy and rationality of war have been completely explained. As long as the monarch and the people are "one moral and one heart", that is, in virtue
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Source：GMW.cn
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