Elderly people with bone pain should not only focus on calcium supplementation, but also be alert to the symptoms of
2023-04-20
The aging process intensifies, and as people age, they may experience pain in various parts of the body, with bone pain being common. Pain not only reduces the quality of life, but also slowly destroys a person's spiritual support. Therefore, the World Health Organization has listed pain as the fifth most important vital sign after blood pressure, respiration, pulse, and body temperature. It should be reminded that in the face of elderly bone pain, it is not only necessary to treat it symptomatically and reduce pain, but also to identify the cause and prevent pain. There are many reasons for bone pain in some elderly people caused by the blood system, mainly in several situations. Damage to the bones themselves, inflammation, tumors. For example, fractures, bone tumors, bone tuberculosis, suppurative osteomyelitis, spondylitis, rheumatic osteoarthritis, etc. Tumor bone metastasis. Bone pain is caused by increased pressure and bone destruction in the bone marrow cavity caused by a large number of tumor cells. The malignant tumors prone to bone metastasis are breast cancer, lung cancer, kidney cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, etc. Renal osteodystrophy. It usually occurs in patients with uremia or long-term hemodialysis. Osteoporosis. Excessive bone resorption or insufficient bone formation can lead to decreased bone mass and osteoporosis, leading to local fractures or systemic bone pain. Multiple myeloma. The activity of osteoclast increases, causing bone decalcification, osteolysis, destruction and pathological fracture, resulting in multiple parts of bone pain. Bone pain caused by bone invasion by acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma, or bone lesions associated with Langerhans histiocyte. Bone pain in elderly people without traumatic fractures or previous illnesses is mostly caused by age-related osteoporosis, mainly due to bone loss and usually not life-threatening. It can be improved after calcium supplementation treatment. However, some elderly people suffer from bone pain due to the secondary occurrence of other diseases. Among them, we need to be most vigilant about the possibility of myeloma, which is a slow onset hematological malignancy. The most common reason for patients with myeloma is osteodynia myeloma, the full name is multiple myeloma (MM), which is a malignant tumor originating from plasma cell, also known as plasma cell tumor. Due to the malignant cloning and excessive proliferation of plasma cell, the activity of osteoclast increases, osteolysis and destruction occur, resulting in multiple bone pains in the whole body. This is the second most common hematological malignancy, accounting for approximately 10% of all hematological malignancies. According to statistics, myeloma accounts for 0.9% of all new cancer cases worldwide and 1.1% of all cancer deaths. Most patients (64%) are aged ≥ 65 years old, with 42% aged between 65 and 75 years old and 22% aged over 75 years old. It can be seen that it is more common in the elderly population. The most common reason for patients with myeloma is bone pain (61%), and nearly half of patients (48%) have more than one symptom. The incidence rate is about 2-3/100000, and the ratio of men to women is about 1.6:1. According to the statistics of the Global Burden of Disease Cancer Cooperation Group, in 2016, the number of cases of myeloma in China was 139000, ranking 26th among all cancers, and the number of deaths was 98000, ranking 22nd. Its incidence rate and mortality can increase with age. Multiple system involvement presents four typical manifestations of bone
Edit：Guanguan Responsible editor：Niexiaoqian
Source：People.cn
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