The results of the selection of "Five Archaeological Discoveries in Henan Province in 2022" were announced in Zhengzhou on the 21st, and the multi grid layout of Erlitou City in Yanshi, the Shuyuan Street Cemetery of the Shang Capital Site in Zhengzhou, the Shang King's Mausoleum in Yin Xu in Anyang and its surrounding remains, the Northern Dynasty Tomb of Zhucang in Mengjin, Luoyang, the Kaifeng Zhouqiao Bridge and the nearby Bianhe River sites were selected. The data picture shows the Erlitou Site. The Shang Dynasty archaeology, with the Yin Ruins archaeology as the core symbol, has been provided by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology for more than 90 years. After nearly two years of excavation, archaeologists have basically figured out the distribution range of the Shang King's Mausoleum area at the Yin Ruins. Based on the outer boundary of the surrounding ditch, the scope of the royal tomb area is determined to be 560 meters from east to west and 300 meters from north to south. Niu Shishan, a staff member of the Archaeological Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that these discoveries will definitely promote the study of the Shang Dynasty tomb system and even Shang culture and history. The data picture shows the gold covering excavated from the Shang Capital Site in Zhengzhou. In February this year, according to the picture provided by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the remains of Shang Wang Mausoleum in Yin Xu in Anyang and its surrounding areas were also selected as "New Archaeological Discoveries in China in 2022". Erlitou Site was discovered in 1959 and is known as the "First King Capital of China". Since 2021, new discoveries made by archaeologists at the Erlitou site have revealed that the capital of Erlitou is located in the center of the palace city, divided into districts, with walls outside the district, and a multi network layout that integrates residence and burial. This is the most important symbol of Erlitou's entry into the dynastic state. The data map shows the plan of the Northern Dynasty tomb of Zhucang in Mengjin, Luoyang. Huang Fucheng, a staff member of the Zhengzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology from the Henan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that the gold masks and other artifacts unearthed in the cemetery of Shuyuan Street at the site of the Shangdu City in Zhengzhou provide a precise basis for the origin of the Sanxingdui gold mask culture, and are a tangible manifestation of the exchange and mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations. Li Yong, a staff member of the Luoyang Archaeological Research Institute, said that images of gods, officials, and beasts were found in the Northern Dynasty tomb of Zhucang in Mengjin, Luoyang, similar to the patterns and contents of the stone sarcophagus collected in the Minneapolis Museum of Art in the United States, providing important images and physical materials for studying the great fusion of ethnic groups during the Northern Dynasty. The data picture shows the archaeological site of Kaifeng Zhouqiao Site. The archaeological excavation of the Kaifeng Bridge and the nearby Bianhe River site, presented by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, has fully revealed the shape of the Bianhe River in Kaifeng from the Tang and Song Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, filling the gap in the heritage of the Tokyo section of the Great Canal in China. Zhou Runshan, the person in charge of the archaeological excavation project, said that the giant stone carvings and murals of the Northern Song Dynasty found in the site are the largest stone carvings of the Northern Song Dynasty found in China at present. The data map shows the exploration of the Shang King's Mausoleum at the Yin Ruins. According to the map provided by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, from the perspective of the cultural connotation of the evaluation project "Five New Archaeological Discoveries in Henan Province in 2022", it involves multiple fields such as the origin of civilization, Xia culture, Shang and Zhou culture, Yellow River culture, Grand Canal culture, and ethnic integration and cultural exchange. It explores the origin of Chinese civilization and inherits excellent traditional Chinese culture, The continuation of historical context and the cohesion of national spiritual strength are of important practical significance. (Liao Xinshe)
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