Visit Zheng Banqiao's footprint in Beijing
2023-03-06
Zheng Banqiao, one of the "Eight Outlaws of Yangzhou" in the Qing Dynasty, is famous for its "three wonders" of poetry, calligraphy and painting. He has a lot of connections with Beijing. He has been to Beijing four times. He has not only obtained fame, but also made many good friends. This year is the 330th anniversary of the birth of Zheng Banqiao. To this end, I will visit his footprints in Beijing and collect those interesting stories from a long time ago... I went to Beijing for the first time to temporarily live in Zheng Banqiao, the "Longevity Hill of the Summer Palace". The name is Zheng Xie, the name is Kerou, the name is Li An, and the name is also Banqiao, the name is Mr. Banqiao, a person from Xinghua, Jiangsu Province, a calligrapher and painter of the Qing Dynasty, and a writer, born in the 32nd year of Kangxi (1693). He was a scholar in Kangxi, a scholar in Yongzheng, a scholar in Qianlong, and a magistrate in Fan County and Wei County of Shandong Province. Later, he lived in Yangzhou as a guest and made a living selling paintings. He was an important representative of the "Eight Strangers in Yangzhou". In September of the fifty-third year of Kangxi's reign (1714), Zheng Banqiao went to Beijing for the first time and temporarily lived in Suyunxuan, Wengshan, in the western suburb. Wengshan, the Longevity Hill in the Summer Palace today, is said to have been carved stone urn on the mountain in the Yuan Dynasty, so it is named Wengshan. In front of it is Wengshan Park, also known as West Lake. I have heard for a long time that Zheng Banqiao went to the Longevity Hill in the Summer Palace today and temporarily lived in a place called Shuyun Xuan. However, I searched the Longevity Hill for a long time and didn't see any landscape related to "Shuyun". According to a friend of the Summer Palace Research Office, Wengshan was the name before the Qing Dynasty. In the 18th year of Qianlong's reign (1753), Emperor Qianlong celebrated the 60th birthday of the empress dowager. For this reason, Emperor Qianlong, in the name of "Longevity Celebration", built the Great Gratitude and Longevity Temple in front of Wengshan in the 15th year of Qianlong's reign (1750), and announced that "Wengshan is famous for Longevity Hill, and the Golden Sea is famous for Kunming Lake", and officially named "Qingyi Garden" the following year. When Zheng Banqiao first entered Beijing, the Qingyi Garden (now the Summer Palace) had not been built. Because there are many temples in front of and behind the mountain, he visited many ancient temples, talked with monks about Zen and painting, and temporarily lived in Shuyun Pavilion. Because of its long history, there is no trace of the Shuyun Pavilion. It is said that it was destroyed at the east foot of the Weng Mountain when it was suspected to be the Qingyi Garden. A friend also said that in the first year of Qianlong's reign (1736), Zheng Banqiao went to Beijing to take part in the ceremony examination. After being awarded the title of "Scholars", he first went to Wengshan to meet the Master Wufang who met ten years ago when traveling to Lushan. Master Wufang is the abbot of Yuanjing Temple. I asked him, "Where is the Yuanjing Temple in the Summer Palace today?" The friend replied, "The Yuanjing Temple is roughly in the southwest of the Longevity Hill today. It is the temple built by the nursing mother of the Ming Xiaozong and the Saint Lady Luo in front of the Weng Mountain. Now the position of the stone boat is the release platform in the Yuanjing Temple that year." Zheng Banqiao first went to Weng Mountain to meet the Supreme Master Wufang at the end of the spring of the first year of Qianlong's reign, that is, shortly after he was admitted to fame. He became familiar with Master Wufang at first sight, talked about Zen and wrote "Two Songs to Master Wufang on Wengshan". It said: "The mountains cover the north of the capital city, and the monks live in the west of the imperial garden. The rain is clear, and the mountains are green, and the clouds are low. The sky is still fine, and the palace and the sand are cut. The vegetable man drives the beans and horses, and the calendar overlooks the long causeway." The "Weng Mountain" in the title refers to the Longevity Hill of the current Summer Palace, and the "Royal Garden" refers to the Yuanmingyuan Garden, and the "Long Causeway" refers to the east causeway of the current Summer Palace, which was originally built to protect the Changchun Garden. Because the Changchun Garden is in the east of the causeway, it is relatively called the West Causeway. After the development of Kunming Lake, This dike serves as the eastern boundary of the lake and becomes the eastern dike. Although we haven't found the temporary residence of Zheng Banqiao in Wengshan in the western suburb of Beijing for the first time and the Yuanjing Temple to visit Master Wufang
Edit：qihang Responsible editor：xinglan
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