Geothermal energy is expected to "heat up"
2023-02-23
At present, compared with wind and solar energy, geothermal energy in China is still a minority energy. As renewable energy, geothermal energy can be used in many forms. In the future, more extensive adaptation to local conditions, scientific development and on-demand energy supply will become the inevitable choice for large-scale development of geothermal energy. There is one kind of energy, which is cheap for heating, pollution-free, safe, stable and inexhaustible for power generation. It is geothermal energy. At the second plenary meeting of the Organizing Committee of the 2023 World Geothermal Conference recently held, Ren Jingdong, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, said: "Geothermal energy is a new energy with rich reserves, wide distribution, stable and reliable. To vigorously promote the development and utilization of geothermal energy is an important starting point for the implementation of carbon peak action in a planned and step-by-step manner based on China's energy and resource endowment." As the "Olympic Games in the geothermal field", The World Geothermal Congress will be held in China for the first time this year, which is expected to promote the development of geothermal energy in China to a new level. Geothermal energy "has a huge family". Generally speaking, geothermal energy refers to the thermal energy stored in the earth's internal rock, soil, fluid and magma body and can be developed and utilized by human beings, including three types of shallow geothermal energy, namely, soil source, underground water source and surface water source, as well as hydrothermal type of medium-deep geothermal energy and dry-hot rock geothermal resources. The well-known hot springs and ground-source heat pumps for heating are typical geothermal energy utilization modes. Geothermal energy, as a renewable energy, is as ubiquitous as scenery resources, and has the advantages of large reserves, high utilization efficiency, low operating costs, energy conservation and emission reduction. The utilization of geothermal energy resources can take many forms, such as power generation, heat supply, refrigeration, and even the production of low-pressure steam higher than its own temperature. The tail water can extract rare mineral elements, and can achieve multiple functions through cascade utilization, greatly improving the utilization rate. At the same time, geothermal energy is not affected by external factors such as season, climate, day and night changes, and is extremely stable, which is an indispensable and important force to achieve the "double carbon" goal. China is rich in geothermal energy resources. According to the survey and evaluation results of the China Geological Survey of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the annual exploitable resources of shallow geothermal energy in 336 cities above the prefecture level are equivalent to 700 million tons of standard coal; The annual exploitable resources of national hydrothermal geothermal resources are equivalent to 1.9 billion tons of standard coal; The dry-hot rock resources buried at 3000 to 10000 meters are equivalent to 856 trillion tons of standard coal. Compared with the total energy consumption of 5.24 billion tons of standard coal in 2021, geothermal energy is a huge energy treasure house. Since the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China's geothermal industry has made remarkable progress. By the end of 2020, China's geothermal direct utilization scale reached 40.6 gigawatts, accounting for 38% of the world's total, ranking the first in the world for many consecutive years. China's geothermal energy heating and cooling area has reached 1.39 billion square meters, with an average annual growth rate of about 23% in the past five years. In the promotion of clean heating in winter in northern China, geothermal energy heating has played an important role, and some urban new areas and counties have achieved 100% clean heating by using geothermal energy. Despite this, geothermal energy in China has not been "hot". Compared with wind and solar energy, geothermal energy is still a niche energy. The 14th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development proposes to actively promote the large-scale development of geothermal energy
Edit：Hou Wenzhe Responsible editor：WeiZe
Source：economic dairy
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