The Dual Path and Three Guarantees of "Revitalization" of Cultural Relics
2023-02-09
For a long time, cultural relics and buildings have paid more attention to the "protection" work represented by rescue protection. With the steady progress of social economy and the development and change of cultural relics protection concepts, it has gradually become the focus of work to activate and use, protect and use them in parallel. In 2022, the National Cultural Relics Work Conference put forward the 22-word policy of cultural relics work in the new era, that is, "protection first, strengthen management, excavate value, effectively use and make cultural relics live", which pointed out the direction for cultural relics protection work, promoted the overall improvement of cultural heritage inheritance and cultural relics protection and utilization, and promoted the high-quality development of cultural and tourism integration. In the new era, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the cultural security industry has been steadily improved, and culture and tourism have been deeply integrated. We must base ourselves on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, and build a new development pattern. The national and local governments have issued relevant policies and guidance, implemented the protection and utilization of cultural relics and buildings, and carried out the relevant practice of the activation and utilization of cultural relics and buildings, which is a positive and beneficial exploration in the context of cultural and tourism integration. Based on factors such as different values and ownership of cultural relics, how to make the protection and open use of cultural relics parallel and make cultural relics "live" is the goal of cultural relics protection workers to explore continuously. The flexibility of functional attributes and the diversity of space use explore the activation and utilization of cultural relic buildings. On the one hand, the functional attributes are adjusted to enable the old buildings to glow with new vitality. On the other hand, the use of architectural space is explored and diversified to provide a suitable material carrier for the new use of space. This can be said to be the dual path for the revitalization of cultural relic buildings. Based on the original functional characteristics of the building, we should deeply explore our own value, select the appropriate functional orientation, and let the cultural relic buildings glow with new vitality through different ways such as function continuation, function replacement, function superposition, etc. Function continuation is a more active mode for the activation and utilization of cultural relics and buildings, mainly in two forms. The first is the continuation of the residential function, and the user carries out the performance improvement transformation of the residential structure maintenance, wall decoration, installation of air conditioning, etc. The second is the continuation of the original functions of public services and commerce, the preservation of cultural relics and buildings is in good condition, the external and internal are reasonably maintained, the original functions are continued, and the opening to the outside to obtain a certain amount of people flow. Functional replacement is the most important form of functional utilization of cultural relics, mainly for cultural display and business. Most of the cultural relics buildings replaced by cultural exhibitions are former residences of celebrities, which can be used to protect the cultural relics buildings to the maximum extent. After the exhibition hall is reasonably arranged and opened, there will be stable passenger flow. Most of the cultural relics buildings replaced by commercial ones have different functions from the original ones, such as the "Miaosen Flower Land" in Xixi Wetland Scenic Spot in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, which was originally a group of residential and ancestral buildings in Jiangxi Province, and then moved to this place after relocation. Now it is composed of Hanfu experience, daily necessities exhibition and other functions to attract the public to travel to the ancient buildings. Function superposition is to partially retain the original building functions and add new functions to form composite functions. For example, Hangzhou Anya Hall was built in the first year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1875). It was originally an orthopedic medical museum and residence. Now it is a medical ethics exhibition hall and a convenient service point of Jiuzhou Pharmacy. On the basis of the pharmacy, it has added functions such as visiting tourism and popular science education, highlighting its history and culture
Edit：qihang Responsible editor：xinglan
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