Photo source: Physicist's organization network CAR-T therapy steps. Photo source: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center [Today's Perspective] Can mankind finally win the long war against cancer? Recent advances made by scientists in medicine and other fields have added some new weapons to people's response to cancer, including personalized gene therapy, artificial intelligence screening, simple blood testing, and even vaccine may soon appear. February 4 is World Cancer Day. In a recent report, the Physicist Organization Network listed some promising new advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Immunotherapy uses drugs to stimulate the immune system to track and kill cancer cells, which is one of the biggest advances in the field of cancer treatment in the past 10 years. Compared with chemotherapy, immunotherapy has fewer serious side effects and will have a profound impact on the treatment of various cancers. Before 2010, the survival rate of patients with severe melanoma of skin cancer was often very low, but thanks to immunotherapy drugs, some patients now have a survival period of more than 10 years. In addition to melanoma, some research results show that immunotherapy has good therapeutic effect on non-small cell lung cancer, renal cancer, etc. However, immunotherapy is not applicable to all cancers, and immunotherapy itself will have side effects. Some cancer research experts pointed out that immunotherapy is still in its infancy. Although it has improved people's anti-cancer level, it still needs to combine different types of immunotherapy "as intelligently as possible". CAR-T therapy CAR-T therapy refers to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy, which involves extracting T cells from the patient's blood, and then modifying them in the laboratory to make them recognize cancer cells. The modified T cells are then re-injected into the patient's body to attack cancer cells. In 2012, Emily Whitehead, a 6-year-old patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, received CAR-T therapy after trying other methods without success. As a result, the malignant leukemia cells in her body disappeared, and the CAR-T therapy became "famous all over the world". In 2017, the National Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the launch of this innovative cancer therapy, but so far, CAR-T therapy is mainly effective for treating certain types of leukemia, and the treatment process is still very expensive. AI diagnosis and treatment scientists have proved that computer programs using AI can more accurately identify brain cancer and breast cancer from conventional scan results than human beings. In 2020, scientists at New York University trained artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze brain cancer using more than 2.5 million images. The results show that the computer can diagnose common cancer in 3 minutes, while it takes about 30 minutes for a medical expert to make a diagnosis. In addition, in a clinical trial involving 278 brain tumor patients, researchers found that the diagnosis result of the artificial intelligence algorithm was even more accurate than that of pathologists. Coincidentally, in 2021, scientists at the Cancer Institute in London, UK, used artificial intelligence to successfully develop new drug treatment schemes for children with brain cancer. This breakthrough will start the research and development of new cancer with artificial intelligence
Edit：Ying Ying Responsible editor：Zhou Shu
Source：digitalpaper.stdaily.com
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