On the card, Chen Xuesen is deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, director of the National Apple Engineering and Technology Research Center, and professor of Shandong Agricultural University. After winning the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award and the second prize of the National Technology Invention Award, he was not satisfied and led the team to a wide field. Over the years, Chen Xuesen led the team members to explore the research value of wild apples, decrypt the life code of red skin and red meat apples, establish a high-quality and efficient apple breeding and supporting cultivation and processing technology system, and accelerate the promotion and application of new varieties... All these research results with independent intellectual property rights, Chen Xuesen gave them to fruit farmers free of charge. In poor areas such as Shandong and Shaanxi, the technology developed by his scientific research team has accumulated more than 8 million mu of planting area and added more than 10 billion yuan of social and economic benefits. As one of the main polyphenols in apples, the excellent new apple germplasm with high flavonoid content was created for the first time. For this reason, Chen Xuesen's team members regard flavonoids as the "treasure" of apples. "The content of flavonoids in apples is high. This substance has the functions of antioxidation and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Many countries in the world take apples as the main consumer fruit," said Chen Xuesen. China's apple production accounts for more than 50% of the world's, and the apple planting industry is a pillar industry to increase farmers' income. But what worries Chen Xuesen is that, due to the relative lack of apple germplasm resources in China, since the 20th century, foreign varieties have been playing the leading role in the domestic apple market. There are too few varieties of domestic apples, especially the high flavonoid (red meat) apples. During an investigation in Ili, Xinjiang, Chen Xuesen's team accidentally discovered the "New World". "We found a wild apple forest with an area of about 140000 mu. After investigation, we learned that the wild apples here are different from ordinary apples in fruit size, maturity, quality, flavor, stress resistance, disease resistance, etc." Chen Xuesen recalled. After the whole genome re-sequence of these Xinjiang wild apples and 117 apple germplasm resources from Asia, Europe and the Americas, Chen Xuesen and his team members confirmed for the first time that Xinjiang wild apples are the "ancestors" of cultivated apples in the world. Wild apples are small and sour, but for Chen Xuesen's team, they are priceless. Because, in the previous decades, most of the apple varieties bred in China are the hybrid, seedling or bud selection offspring of "Jinshuai", "Marshal", "Guoguang" and other varieties, and this "inbreeding" often leads to problems such as increased genetic vulnerability, decreased adaptability and resistance of varieties. "In the future, the improvement of apple varieties cannot be separated from the genetic resources of Xinjiang wild apple. Xinjiang wild apple is undoubtedly the natural gene pool of fruit tree resources in the world, and is also a valuable strategic biological resource of the country," Chen Xuesen said. Among these Xinjiang wild apples, there is a kind of red meat apple. Its appearance is novel and its fragrance is unique, which quickly attracted the attention of Chen Xuesen's team. After laboratory testing, Chen Xuesen's team found that the content of flavonoids and organic acids in Xinjiang red meat apple was significantly higher than that of cultivated varieties. Considering the crisp and sweet meat of "Red Fuji", Chen Xuesen led the team members to cross it with Xinjiang red meat apple to create
Edit：sishi Responsible editor：xingyong
Source：http://digitalpaper.stdaily.com/http_www.kjrb.com/kjrb/html/2023-01/16/content_547536.htm?div=-1
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