Biological pesticide protects the green and high-quality development of agriculture
2023-01-05
Entering the citrus garden of Yang Shaoxing, a villager in Group 15 of Qujiang Village, Shuangshi Town, Rongxian County, Sichuan Province, the fruits bent the branches, and a harvest scene came into sight. Yang Shaoxing was pleased to introduce to the reporter of Science and Technology Daily: "My family has more than 20 mu of citrus orchards, and 8 mu has entered the peak production period. I began to use biological pesticides last year. Compared with the year before last, last year's citrus peel was thinner, more colorful, and sweeter. The price was 5 yuan more per kilogram than ordinary citrus, and the income per mu was nearly 2000 yuan more." The "Fourteenth Five Year Plan" Bioeconomic Development Plan clearly stated that the biological medicine, biological agriculture Priority should be given to the four key areas of biomass alternative application and biosafety, and the development of biopesticides continues to be favorable. The rapid growth in use and increasing varieties of biopesticides refer to the agents that use living organisms or their metabolites to kill or inhibit agricultural pests, including microbial pesticides, agricultural antibiotics, botanical pesticides, biochemical pesticides, natural enemy insect pesticides, plant growth regulator pesticides, etc. The toxicity of biopesticides is generally lower than that of traditional pesticides, with strong selectivity, low residue and less resistance. At present, the domestic production and processing of biological pesticides are mainly based on natural renewable resources (such as corn, soybean cake, wheat bran or some plants). The source of raw materials is very wide and the production cost is relatively low. "Since the proposal of the Action Plan for Zero Growth of Pesticide Use by 2020 in 2015, China's pesticide use has achieved negative growth for six consecutive years, while the use of biopesticides has increased at a high speed of more than 15% every year." Wang Fengle, chief expert of the National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, introduced. Wu Xuemin, a professor of China Agricultural University, said that the global market value of biopesticides reached US $5 billion in 2018, which is expected to grow to US $9.5 billion by 2025, and the average compound annual growth rate will reach 15% - 18%. Zhou Puguo, director of the Pesticide Testing Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, introduced that in order to promote green and high-quality development of agriculture, the use of chemical pesticides has decreased significantly in recent years, and the variety of biological pesticides has increased continuously. From 2017 to 2019, China independently created and registered 66 new pesticide varieties, half of which were biopesticides. In the field of innovation, biopesticides gradually accounted for half of the total. It is understood that 121 effective ingredients of biopesticides have been registered in China, and 3969 products have been registered. Among them, 41 effective ingredients of microbial pesticides were registered, and the number of registered products reached 557. According to Nong Xiangqun, a researcher of the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, at present, the use of microbial pesticides accounts for more than 90% of the total use of biological control agents, and the number of microbial pesticide registrations continues to increase. Compared with biochemical pesticides and botanical pesticides, microbial pesticides have the advantages of rich resources, good safety and high ecological benefits of industrialization, which also bring opportunities for the development of microbial pesticides. The development of biopesticides took the policy "free ride". From the "green environmental protection concept" proposed in 2006 to the "green prevention and control" written in the "Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Crop Diseases and Pests" in 2020, China has paid more and more attention to the green development of agriculture in recent years
Edit：sishi Responsible editor：xingyong
Source：http://digitalpaper.stdaily.com/http_www.kjrb.com/kjrb/html/
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