Persuade people by scenery
2022-11-30
In the 18th year of the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Bingtao, a magistrate of Henan province, looked at the government office that had been baptized for more than 500 years. After reflection, he wrote a couplet, "The Jutan is a pillar of great power, and the people who love Li have stepped on the ground for ten years", and hung it in the county government gate for Mingzhi. Putting people first and peace first. The historical experience and practical wisdom of the Chinese legal system are not only reflected in the local judicial trials, but also focus on "intensive cultivation" in the scene narrative. The interior is profound. According to the Qing system, the county government "sits in the north and faces the south, with left culture and right martial arts, the front hall and the rear residence, and the prison in the south". It is built along three north-south axes. Yin Hotel, Land Ancestral Temple, Ya God Temple, the third class room, school yard, and Cangmen are located on the east axis. The dining hall, prison, official house, master's book hall, and supervision and arrest hall are located on the west axis. The screen wall, Xuanhua Square, gate, instrument gate, ring stone square, lobby, second hall, third hall, and back garden are arranged on the central axis. As a result, an interior landscape pattern centered on the county government hall and guided by the central axis was formed. There are many buildings, with distinct levels and scattered heights, which makes people deeply feel the difference between inside and outside and the orderly hierarchy. Therefore, there is a saying that "Yamen is as deep as the sea". The complexity and mystery of the courtyard are enhanced by the numerous walls and various doors. It is generally believed that this has four functions: first, to defend, so as to resist persistently; The second is to prevent internal secrets from leaking out and achieve "internal and external differences"; The third is to set off dignity; Fourth, strengthen the hierarchy system, etc. The profound interior of the ancient Yamen expressed dignity and solemnity, and echoed with the specific judicial practice, forming a composite narrative effect, which not only made "the traitors can overcome their hearts, but also made the litigants dare not try their tricks", but also produced the joint effect of reducing litigation and stopping litigation. The outer pavilion is different from the interior of the yamen. The Shenming Pavilion on the left and Jingshan Pavilion on the right are built symmetrically on both sides of the yamen. A list of wooden black paint boards will be hung in the Shenming Pavilion to announce local illegal punishments. According to the Collection of Zhengyi Hall in the Qing Dynasty, people who are unfilial and disinterested, gamble and kill cattle, or instigate lawsuits, are listed on the plaque of Shenmingting, and each name has its own note, which is clear at a glance. The Jingshan Pavilion, which is symmetrical to the Shenming Pavilion, is hung with a wooden red paint board to announce the local "good deeds", such as filial piety, emergency rescue, marriage and funeral assistance, dispute resolution and lawsuit resolution, turning theft into good, famine relief and medicine application, bridge and road construction, coffin burial of ownerless bones, and collection of missing gold. The real ones are inscribed on the plaque of Jingshan Pavilion. Shen Mingting sometimes also acts as a mediation office, and the civil disputes are mediated by the public and straight elders. According to the Laws of the Qing Dynasty, "Shenming Pavilions are set up in all prefectures and counties... Xu Li is good at persuading people to resolve disputes, which is to affirm the system of precepts." In addition to the two pavilions, there is also the oracle pavilion in front of the county yamen. The location is not fixed, but it is very important. On the stone tablet in the pavilion, the emperor's holy edict for educating the people was engraved, such as the following: Don Xiaodi's emphasis on human relations, his fight with the township party, his emphasis on agriculture, his food and clothing, his frugality, his desire to use money, his emphasis on school ethics, his emphasis on the law, his determination of the people's aspirations, his training of his children to prohibit non behavior, his joint protection to stop thieves, and his emphasis on personal revenge. The content was simple and understandable. The outer pavilion of the Yamen is simple and clear, allowing the people to stop and look at it, enlighten themselves, and show their behavior. Three pavilions are set up around the yamen, highlighting the mainstream value of punishing the evil and promoting the good, and intersecting with civil mediation and governance
Edit：luoyu Responsible editor：jiajia
Source：jiefang daily
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