Using the world's first "non-contact technology for the overall migration of cultural relics with curved beams", the largest wooden sunken ship ever discovered in underwater archaeology in China, the Yangtze Estuary No.2 Ancient Ship, successfully carried out the overall salvage in the Yangtze Estuary waters on the 21st. In the process of searching for and salvaging the Yangtze Estuary No. 2 ancient ship, scientists crossed the border to "attack in groups", enabling underwater archaeology in China with hard core technology, and spawning many technological innovations: the "Jinghai" series of unmanned boats intelligently detect the location, burial and surrounding environment of the Yangtze Estuary No. 2 ancient ship; Collect the extremely weak "wave energy" at the bottom of the sea to recharge the underwater equipment for long-term monitoring and protection of the Yangtze River Estuary No. 2 ancient ship and its cultural relics; Using computer to simulate the "vicissitudes of life" in the waters of the Yangtze River Estuary, try to decipher the cause of the sinking of the Yangtze River Estuary No. 2 ancient ship... The underwater archaeological environment is complex and extremely difficult. The underwater turbidity of the Yangtze River estuary is unclear, and there is hardly any valuable image information of cultural relics, which brings great challenges to the archaeological team. In 2014, Zhai Yang, the deputy director of the Shanghai Cultural Relics Protection and Research Center in charge of the Yangtze Estuary No. 2 Ancient Ship Project, sent a request to the Unmanned Boat Engineering Research Institute of Shanghai University: "Can you build an intelligent underwater camera system for us, so that we can also photograph the cultural relics on the seabed in the very turbid waters of the Yangtze Estuary?" In the following eight years, Peng Yan, the "post-80s" female general who took charge of the Unmanned Boat Engineering Research Institute of Shanghai University, led a research team of more than 50 people to meet the difficulties and successively developed the "Underwater Sunken Ship Automatic Identification Assistant System", the world's first "Intelligent Stereoscopic Sampling Unmanned Boat" and "Robotic Underwater Archaeological Equipment" and other scientific research achievements, constantly pushing forward the "progress bar" of underwater archaeology at the Changjiang Estuary No. 2. However, when the underwater video was sent back, it was found that the blue and white porcelain and pottery pots in the video were indistinct, and only the outline could be seen, without any details such as color and decoration. What should I do? Li Xiaomao, the chief engineer of the Unmanned Boat Engineering Research Institute of Shanghai University, is good at image processing. After repeated experiments, he finally found a method to enhance the image. With this new technology, the blue and white porcelain images taken underwater become clear instantly. Another scientific breakthrough achieved by Peng Yan's team is to solve the international problem of ultra-low frequency energy collection, efficiently collect the "wave energy" of ocean currents on the sea floor, and use environmental kinetic energy to power the monitoring equipment for cultural relics on the sea floor, so as to achieve large-scale and uninterrupted monitoring and protection of underwater cultural relics. "In the past few years of exploring the Yangtze Estuary No. 2 ancient ship, we have found a phenomenon called 'electromagnetic mutation', which has increased the energy density of underwater wave energy by 47 times. Now, our equipment can monitor cultural relics underwater. Only with a charging device the size of a mobile phone charger, we can collect underwater wave energy in real time and work with electricity for a long time." Peng Yan said. The Unmanned Boat Engineering Research Institute of Shanghai University and the Artificial Intelligence Research Institute also customized the "Jinghai 6" environment detection unmanned boat for the Yangtze Estuary 2 ancient ship, carrying a cylindrical "sampling egg baby" with a diameter of 80 cm in the belly of the boat, which will be automatically placed in the sunken ship area to collect data after arriving at the operation area. Peng Yan is a winner of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. The age gradient of the team led by her is from the "post-60s" to the "post-90s"
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：xinhua
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