Important Achievements Obtained from the Excavation of the Temple Tranquil Site of the Old Summer Palace
2022-11-14
Chen Zhonghao, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency of the courtyard ruins in the southwest of the "Tian Zi Fang", photographed the sunny late autumn, stepping on the golden leaves, and the reporter walked into the peaceful Danbo scenic spot in the northwest of the Old Summer Palace. A section of the scenic area is surrounded by barbed wire. The billboards and introduction boards hanging outside remind tourists that this is an archaeological site, where the "Tian Zi Fang" site and the royal rice field site are being excavated. Since September 30 this year, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage has organized the Beijing Institute of Archaeology, the Administrative Office of the Yuanmingyuan in Haidian District of Beijing, the School of Archaeology, Culture and Museum of Peking University, the Institute of Archaeology of Beijing Union University, and the School of History of Capital Normal University to conduct an archaeological excavation of the peaceful site of Danbo in the Yuanmingyuan. This time, six of the "Tian Zi Fang" sites and the courtyard in the southwest corner have been mainly excavated, Archaeologists have clarified the layout, shape and engineering practice of the main building "Tian Zi Fang" through excavation, and further confirmed the regulation and distribution scope of the royal rice field site. "Danbo Tranquility" is one of the forty sights of the Old Summer Palace, which was built in the fifth year of Yongzheng's reign (1727). "Solitude and tranquility" comes from Zhuge Liang's "Jiezi Book": The main building of the scenic spot is a "field" shaped hall, commonly known as "field house", which is connected by 33 square houses of the same size and 4.48m side length to form the "field". The four openings in the middle of the word "Tian" correspond to four patios. Zhang Zhonghua, associate researcher and head of archaeology at the Beijing Institute of Archaeology, said that the foundation of the "Tian Zi Fang" was well preserved, while the ground part had been burned down, which should be related to the burning of the Old Summer Palace by the British and French allied forces in 1860. The size and shape of the room can be clearly seen at the archaeological site. It can be seen from the remaining floor tiles that the floor of the room was paved with square tiles with a side length of 40 cm at that time; The patio is paved with bluestone slabs, which are basically preserved. Almost all the remaining floor tiles and stone slabs on the site are full of cracks, and some of the bricks and stones and the soil on the side roads are still faintly red. Zhang Zhonghua said, "This was all caused by the great fire in those years." He explained that the fire collapsed the pillars of the "Tian Zi House", and the whole roof fell to the ground, which was smoldered for a long time. The fire lasted for a long time and was fierce, which led to the cracking of the foundation surface, the indoor floor tiles, and the stone slabs of the patio. "Some of the soil has been burnt into bricks." Zhang Zhonghua said, "There are others that are burning more severely." Under his guidance, the reporter saw that some bluestones were even burned to bubbles. The reporter gently brushed the dust off the surface with a paper towel, and the "stone bubble" unexpectedly showed the luster of green colored glass. This phenomenon, known as "coloring", is that the stone becomes like colored glass after being burned for a long time at extremely high temperature. Crisp blue bricks, bubbling stones, and soil turned into bricks silently reveal the painful experience of more than 160 years ago. Archaeology reminds people with irrefutable facts: never forget history, self-improvement and rejuvenation are the great national undertakings. As the royal garden of the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens", "Tian Zi Fang", like other palaces in the Old Summer Palace and even all royal buildings, is meticulously constructed at any cost. There is an anatomical ditch at the archaeological site. There are many holes of different sizes at the bottom of the pit
Edit：luoyu Responsible editor：wangerdong
Source：GMW.cn
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