Large time span and wide distribution area: Beijing will have abundant archaeological achievements in 2022
2022-11-08
On October 29, the opening ceremony of 2022 Beijing Public Archaeology Season, which was guided by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and hosted by the Beijing Municipal Administration of Cultural Heritage, was launched at Zhengjue Temple in the Old Summer Palace. Chen Mingjie, secretary of the Party Leadership Group and director of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics, introduced the latest archaeological achievements in Beijing in 2022. Since the launch of the "2021 First Beijing Public Archaeology Season", Beijing has completed 256 archaeological explorations, covering an area of 16.7 million square meters; 102 archaeological excavations, covering an area of 108000 square meters. Among the archaeological discoveries, the representative ones are the archaeological excavations of the central axis, Liulihe Site, Xingong Site, Luxian Ancient City Site, Jinzhong Capital, the Great Wall, etc. In the archaeology of the central axis, important achievements have been made in the archaeology of the south central axis road, especially the discovery of seven roads that have successively overlapped since the 32nd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1553) (or even earlier), which clarifies the regulation and engineering practices of the south central axis road, clarifies the historical context of the south central axis road since the Ming and Qing dynasties, demonstrates China's values of "sticking to the center and keeping the center" since ancient times, and is a concrete embodiment of the concept of the central axis of ancient Chinese capital in Beijing. Seven large rammed earth wells and several rammed earth building foundations were found in the Yandu City of the Western Zhou Dynasty during the archaeological exploration of the Liulihe Site, and a large area of Western Zhou residence was found outside the city. Archaeological excavations have unearthed 3 houses, 5 tombs, and more than 170 pieces of bronze, clam, bone, stone, pottery and other relics. The extracted bronzes include containers such as Ding, Gui, Zun, You and Jue, weapons such as triangular arms, spears and short swords, ornaments such as grouped chariots and horses, human face ornaments, and combined human face ornaments. The inscriptions in Zun, You, Jue, Zhi and Ding unearthed in Tomb D15M1902 are basically the same, which clearly records that Prince Zhao built the Yan Capital himself. The construction of the city by the Tai Bao (Zhao Gong) proved the close relationship between the Yan State and the Central Plains, and highlighted the important position of the Yan State in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. The historical fact that Zhao Gong built Yan in the inscription filled the gap in the records of the construction of the capital granted by the Western Zhou Dynasty in the handed down literature, clarified the earliest builder and the time of the construction of the capital of Yan in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and provided documentary evidence for the 3000 year history of city building in Beijing. The settlement site of the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties was found in the New Palace of Fengtai District, which was surrounded by double ring ditches inside and outside. The outer ring trench has a diameter of about 150 meters and an enclosed area of 17000 square meters. Houses and ash pits are found in the ring trench. The southeast side of the outer ring trench is the burial area, which has been planned consciously. The unearthed cultural relics include pottery li, pottery yan, jade ring, gold earrings, turquoise, etc. The site is a circular trench settlement with Datuotou culture (equivalent to the late Xia Dynasty) as the main body, and it also has the remains of the early Shang and Western Zhou dynasties. The cultural factors are mainly local indigenous culture, and are also influenced by the Central Plains and Eurasian grassland culture. This is the first time that a settlement site with a ring trench was found in Beijing, which is of great significance to the study of early Beijing. The site of Nanchengmen, the former city of Lu County, consists of a gate hole, a road and a rammed earth foundation site of the city wall. The central part of the gate is the road of the Western Han Dynasty. The tombs of the Northern Dynasty and the ditches of the Tang Dynasty were built on the road of the Western Han Dynasty and the foundation sites of the city walls on both sides, further clarifying the use and abandonment history of the old city of Lu County. The discovery of the roads of the Han Dynasty in the ruins area in the outskirts of the old city of Lu County is very important to understand and understand the scope and boundary of the ruins area in the outskirts of the city
Edit：wangwenting Responsible editor：xiaomai
Source：xinhuanet
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