Zhong Nanshan: Scientific Innovation and Scientific Quality Cultivation
2022-11-07
Sometimes the inspiration of primary and secondary school teachers will affect children's life. In the primary and secondary education stage, some teachers had a great influence on me, and played a great role in my development in the next few decades. Many qualities of people need to be cultivated from childhood. What is the most important quality that people should possess when carrying out scientific activities and conducting scientific education? After more than 70 years of study and research, I have some experience. 1、 The ultimate goal of learning science is to solve problems. Over the past two years, China has achieved a phased victory in combating the COVID-19. One of the most important points is that we have many innovative attempts in the face of unprecedented challenges. For example, joint prevention and control, test kits, vaccine research and development in grass-roots communities. These are our original creations. Therefore, teachers should understand that science education should not only focus on science, but also on innovation. What is the difference between innovation and science? For example, a discovery or invention in a university or scientific institute has been reported, or a good paper has been published in an international authoritative journal, and the paper may even win a prize. However, this is not entirely an innovation, but rather an innovation. In order to cultivate scientific quality, we must clearly understand the problem of cultivating innovative thinking. So what exactly is innovation? It is very important to apply it. Only invention and discovery are not enough, they should be applied to practice, scientific practice, clinical practice or design practice, and finally produce economic benefits and social benefits, which together are called innovation. We need innovation very much, but we should understand the concept that innovation is different from creativity. China has introduced a lot of technology in the past few years, and there are also many imitations, which may produce great social and economic benefits. For example, our automobile brand has made many improvements after the introduction of technology, and also introduced many new product types, which has produced good benefits. However, some of the most dynamic things are not original, so we cannot say that they are innovation or creation. In the 1960s, Japanese scientist Xiu Shimura and others found a green fluorescent protein in jellyfish and published a paper in Science. But at that time, this discovery had no practical significance. Later, many people, including Qian Yongjian, Qian Xuesen's nephew, studied whether these fluorescent proteins could be labeled on certain substances, such as where a drug went to the body after it was eaten, where the metabolic substances went and how they were distributed. Such research has enabled this discovery to be used in medicine, chemistry, veterinary medicine and many other works, resulting in huge social and economic benefits. Therefore, the research team won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008. The vast majority of science and technology that have won the Nobel Prize have discovered, invented and produced results, which is called innovation. How to cultivate students' innovative spirit in primary and secondary school? It is impossible for primary and middle school students to have a lot of innovation, but as teachers, we should train students from childhood to be good at finding problems, designing solutions, and guiding them to use science, technology, mathematics, history, etc. to solve problems. This is the quality of students that needs to be cultivated in science education. I am engaged in study and research 7
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