The reporter learned from Tianjin University on September 16 that the synthetic biology team of Tianjin University innovated the DNA storage algorithm and stored 10 selected Dunhuang murals in DNA. Through accelerated aging experiment verification, mural information can be stored for thousands of years at room temperature in the laboratory and 20000 years at 9.4 ℃. This algorithm supports DNA molecules to become one of the most reliable data storage media in the world, which can preserve the information of human cultural heritage facing aging and damage crisis for thousands of years. This achievement was recently published in the international journal Nature Communication. The development of human civilization is closely related to storage technology. With the progress of science and technology, data storage methods are constantly iterative and innovative. Yuan Yingjin, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and professor of Tianjin University, has been committed to the research and development of the next generation of storage technology - DNA storage. "International Data Corporation estimates that by 2025, the global total data will reach an amazing 175ZB (1ZB is about 1021 bytes). Data centers are being built all over the world, and the energy consumption of data centers is amazing. DNA storage is regarded as a storage technology with great potential due to its high storage density and low energy consumption processing characteristics, becoming a new opportunity to address the challenges of data storage growth." Yuan Yingjin said. In August 2021, Yuan Yingjin's team made a major breakthrough in DNA storage research. The team designed and synthesized a yeast artificial chromosome with a length of 254886 base pairs and dedicated to data storage from scratch. Two classic pictures and a video were stored in the artificial chromosome. Stable data replication was achieved by using yeast reproduction, and rapid data reading and error free recovery were achieved by using a nanopore sequencer. DNA storage is efficient and low consumption, but as a chain biomacromolecule, it will face the risk of DNA breakage and degradation when it is stored at room temperature in vitro, which seriously affects the long-term reliability of information storage. It is a key scientific problem to be solved urgently. In this regard, Yuan Yingjin's team designed a sequence reconstruction algorithm based on the Debraying diagram theory to solve the problems such as DNA breakage. The algorithm combines greedy path search and cyclic redundancy check code to achieve efficient de novo assembly of broken DNA fragments, which supports the long-term reliability of DNA storage in principle. Combining the sequence reconstruction algorithm (internal code) and fountain code algorithm (external code), the team designed and coded 6.8MB (megabyte) Dunhuang murals, and synthesized 210000 DNA fragments carrying image information. To ensure the long-term reliability of the data, the team prepared a DNA aqueous solution sample without any special protection, and accelerated the sample fracture and degradation at 70 ℃ for up to 10 weeks. More than 80% of the processed DNA fragments have broken. The designed sequence reconstruction algorithm can still accurately assemble and decode more than 96.4% of the fragments, and then solve the problem of losing a small number of fragments through the fountain code. The original Dunhuang mural pictures can still be perfectly restored. According to theoretical calculation, this degree of high temperature damage is equivalent to natural preservation at 25 ℃ in the laboratory for 1000 years or 9.4 ℃ for 20000 years. Following the breakthrough in yeast in vivo information storage mode based on artificial synthetic chromosomes, the synthetic biology team of Tianjin University stores DNA information in vitro
Edit：Li Jialang Responsible editor：Mu Mu
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