At present, the most commonly used treatment for Parkinson's disease is dopamine replacement. In addition to drug therapy, researchers are also exploring some new therapies for Parkinson's disease, such as immunotherapy and stem cell therapy. Polyethylene glycol modified two-dimensional nanomaterials can also be used as a new drug-free preparation to treat Parkinson's disease. Recently, the research team of Xue Xue from the State Key Laboratory of pharmaceutical chemistry and biology of Nankai University, in conjunction with the research team of Ma Guanghui and Wei Wei from the Institute of process engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, modified the two-dimensional nanomaterial p-sheet with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to make it stay on the surface of nerve cells without being internalized, and combine with the membrane of nerve cells to the maximum extent, And by regulating a phospholipid on the cell membrane called inositol-4,5-diphosphate (PIP2), it causes downstream cascade reaction, thereby fundamentally inhibiting neuronal loss and effectively alleviating motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Relevant research papers were recently published online in the international journal nano today. At present, there are about 3 million patients with Parkinson's disease in China. According to the prediction of experts from the World Health Organization, the number of patients with Parkinson's disease in China will reach 5 million by 2030. Currently available treatments can only improve symptoms, but cannot prevent the deterioration of the disease. "The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is the decrease of dopamine cells secreted by the brain and the decrease of dopamine concentration in the brain. This will cause patients to suffer from motor symptoms such as tremor, abnormal pace and slow movement, and non motor symptoms such as depression, sleep disorder, anosmia and constipation." Chen Lei, director of Tianjin Huanhu hospital, the one-stop diagnosis and treatment center for Parkinson's disease in China and the training base for diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease in China. At present, the most commonly used treatment in the clinic is dopamine replacement. Patients with Parkinson's disease take levodopa to supplement the shortage of dopamine in the brain. "Levodopa is a precursor of dopamine, which can be metabolized into dopamine after being taken up by cells." Xue Xue explained. After taking levodopa preparation, the symptoms of Parkinson's disease patients will be significantly improved. However, dopamine supplementation is only a palliative measure. It can not fundamentally prevent the damage of neurons. Moreover, with the progress of Parkinson's disease, it may cause side effects such as "switching phenomenon" and "end of dose phenomenon" in patients. Chen Lei explained that "open" means that although no relevant treatment is applied, the patient suddenly moves normally, the limb stiffness disappears, and can move freely; "Guan" is mainly manifested in that patients with Parkinson's disease will suddenly have stiff limbs, for example, when walking, they suddenly can't take steps, and it is difficult to walk. When the "switch phenomenon" occurs, Parkinson's disease patients will switch back and forth between "on" and "off", which is unbearable. The "end of dose phenomenon" is also a common complication of Parkinson's disease. The effective time of the drug will gradually shorten, and even after taking the drug, the effect can only last for 1-2 hours. "Its occurrence is related to the dosage and time of levodopa preparation. With the increase of dosage and time of drug use, this complication will gradually appear." Chen Lei said. In addition to drug treatment, researchers are also exploring some new treatments
Edit：qihang Responsible editor：xinglan
Source：People.cn
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