Improve universal childcare services and solve the problem of family child care
2022-08-25
A few days ago, the National Health Commission and other 17 departments issued the guiding opinions on further improving and implementing active childbearing support measures, and put forward 20 child care support measures, of which "developing a universal childcare service system" was placed in an important position. Increasing supply, reducing costs and improving quality all hit the difficulties of family parenting. Survey data from different sources show that the high cost of raising children is the biggest obstacle to the improvement of family's willingness to bear children. The cost of family upbringing includes not only the direct costs of food, clothing, housing and transportation, education, housekeeping and childcare expenses, but also the indirect costs such as the time spent by family members in childcare, or the income loss and career interruption risk caused by parents' pregnancy and care. Under this background, the responsibility of infant care must be changed from family to socialization and diversification. It is an inevitable choice to build a supply system of infant care services shared by the state, the market, the society and the family. At present, the construction of China's inclusive childcare service system is still relatively weak. There is a large gap between the total supply and the demand for kindergarten admission. There is still room for improving the service quality, and the regulatory system still needs to be improved. Childcare services must have high standards and strict requirements, and be developed with high quality under strict supervision and review mechanisms. Only in this way can parents trust them, effectively reduce the burden of family care, and ensure the healthy growth of children. From the perspective of top-level design, the State Council has issued a number of guiding documents and management standards to promote the construction of a multi-level and diversified infant care service system. According to the "14th five year plan" for public services, by 2025, there will be 4.5 child care places under the age of 3 per 1000 people. In 2020 and 2021, the state invested 1.6 billion yuan to support the construction of 160000 demonstration nurseries. This year's central budget support will be further increased. The subsidies of public finance at all levels include one-time construction subsidies, continuous operation subsidies, incentive subsidies for demonstration institutions, etc. the large-scale financial subsidies demonstrate the strong determination of the government to develop inclusive childcare. To improve the total supply and service quality of inclusive care, we must start from multiple channels. First, support local governments to include the development goals of inclusive childcare services in their development plans and budgets, comprehensively use land, housing, taxation and other subsidy policies to support the development of the childcare service industry, encourage qualified enterprises and institutions to assume the responsibility of employee childcare services, and accelerate the coverage of inclusive childcare services. The second is to build a number of demonstrative public childcare institutions, create a number of high-quality and reputable brands of childcare institutions, so as to establish a credible evaluation system of childcare services and improve the reward and punishment mechanism. Third, speed up the construction of the system of laws and regulations on nursery education, form a whole process management mechanism including access mechanism, construction specifications, operation standards, professional assessment and conservation guidelines, and establish a special agency to carry out supervision and evaluation. Fourth, strengthen the training of relevant professionals and the professional training of employees, and gradually implement the standardized system of professional qualification access, professional quality rating and personnel assessment. In addition, families also need more flexible infant care support. For example, explore the pilot of community day care centers for infants and young children in areas where conditions permit, and rely on the original community cultural center, book reading room, party and mass service center, etc
Edit：qihang Responsible editor：xinglan
Source：People.cn
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