Activate and innovate agricultural cultural heritage
2022-07-29
2022 marks the 20th anniversary of the concept of "Agricultural Cultural Heritage" proposed by FAO and the initiative of "global important agricultural cultural heritage" protection. Over the past 20 years, the Chinese government has actively participated and responded in many ways, and has become an important promoter, active practitioner and major contributor to the protection of global agricultural cultural heritage. China is a large agricultural country with a long history of agricultural civilization. It has created many types of agricultural production systems, such as rice farming, millet farming, mixed farming, forestry and animal husbandry, and cash crops, which reflects the wisdom of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. In June, 2005, the Qingtian rice fish symbiosis system in Zhejiang province became the first officially licensed global important agricultural and cultural heritage site. By may 2022, 65 systems from 22 countries in the world have been selected as important agricultural cultural heritage in the world, including 18 in China, ranking first in the world. During this period, the Chinese government, enterprises, academia and residents of heritage sites cooperated in many ways, making China's Agricultural Cultural Heritage Protection in the forefront of the world, forming a Chinese plan for the protection of agricultural cultural heritage. After Zhejiang Qingtian rice fish symbiosis system became the first agricultural cultural heritage site in 2005, the Department of international cooperation of the Ministry of agriculture and the Institute of Geographical Sciences and resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly prepared the national action framework for the protection of global important agricultural cultural heritage. Through academic seminars, forums, training and other means, it guided the pilot area projects, and produced good economic, social and ecological benefits. In 2012, the Ministry of agriculture launched the selection of "China's important agricultural cultural heritage". By the end of 2021, 138 items of China's important agricultural cultural heritage have been released in 6 batches. The excavation and protection of agricultural cultural heritage has also been written into the Rural Revitalization promotion law, which has been implemented since June 2021, which shows that the Chinese government attaches great importance to the protection of agricultural cultural heritage. 408 agricultural cultural heritage projects with protection potential were announced at the end of 2016, which laid a solid foundation for the future declaration of "global important agricultural cultural heritage" and "China's important agricultural cultural heritage". After FAO put forward the concept of "Agricultural Cultural Heritage", Chinese scholars immediately studied and discussed the concept, connotation, characteristics, value, declaration, management, protection, development and other issues of global important agricultural cultural heritage. With the deepening of research and the increase of heritage sites, case studies have attracted more attention. Among them, Zhejiang green field rice fish symbiosis system and Yunnan Honghe Hani rice terrace system have attracted more attention from scholars because they have become important agricultural and cultural heritage sites in the world earlier and have high ecological, cultural, economic and scientific research value. The relevant research results provide reference for other heritage sites' product production, heritage tourism, poverty alleviation, rural revitalization, and farmers' income increase. In the practice of agricultural cultural heritage protection, all localities have always adhered to the principle of "government leadership, farmers as the main body, multi-party participation and benefit sharing". Local governments are policy makers and fund supporters, farmers are the most basic production units, and local leading enterprises play an organizational and guiding role. Taking advantage of the situation, each heritage site has formed five different models for the protection of agricultural cultural heritage, namely, the production of advantageous products, the support of capital policies, the drive of leading enterprises, the development of industrial integration and the main body of farmers' management. Relevant statistics show that the brand value of agricultural products brought by important agricultural cultural heritage in the world is about 10% - 30%, and the contribution rate to the direct income of local residents is close to 40%. Farmers in heritage sites have increased their awareness of heritage protection and cultural confidence because of the increase in income. In order to realize the sustainable development of agriculture, all heritage sites expand agricultural functions, broaden the protection path of agricultural cultural heritage, turn agricultural cultural heritage resources into the growth point of enabling rural revitalization, and form a dynamic protection mode of agricultural cultural heritage with Chinese characteristics with the integration of high-quality agricultural product brand construction, leisure agriculture, rural tourism and cultural inheritance, which has contributed Chinese wisdom to the development of global sustainable agriculture and heritage protection. Japan, South Korea, France, Italy, Mexico, Nigeria and other countries have carried out comprehensive cooperation with China in agricultural product promotion, cultural creativity, leisure agriculture, heritage tourism and other aspects to jointly promote the protection of global agricultural cultural heritage. (Xinhua News Agency)
Edit：Li Jialang Responsible editor：Mu Mu
Source：xinhuanet
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