Reduce the pressure of examination, and change from "cultivating scores" to "educating people"
2022-07-26
[change of examination evaluation] it is more efficient in class and more pleasant after class. Students have more smiling faces, teachers have stronger confidence, and parents' eyebrows are more relaxed. In the past year since the implementation of the "double reduction", with the resolution of some deep-seated contradictions, the ecology of basic education has changed significantly. However, the fundamental reason for the most important changes lies in the change of evaluation and balance. From "education points" to "education", students' all-round development and healthy growth have become the measurement standard. The balanced development of education has taken solid steps, and the comprehensive reform has been pushed forward in depth. Parents' concept of childcare and school education are also undergoing profound changes. The atmosphere conducive to the development of quality education is becoming stronger and stronger, laying a solid foundation for the high-quality development of basic education. What impact has the "double reduction" had on the "baton" of examination evaluation in the past year? How to further promote education balance? Our reporter made an exclusive interview with the head of the Department of basic education of the Ministry of education. 1. Refine the professional guide: strengthen the role of guiding school education as the main position reporter: over the past year, the form of compulsory education has changed greatly, in which there are many vivid scenes. If you are asked to choose the "most", which aspects do you think the most gratifying changes come from? Person in charge: compulsory education schools and teachers have made important contributions to the implementation of the "double reduction" by taking the initiative, taking responsibility and making positive contributions. In the past year, the goal of effectively reducing students' homework burden has been basically achieved. On the one hand, the total amount and length of homework have been effectively controlled, and local and schools have generally established homework management systems. The number of students who complete written homework within the specified time has increased from 46% before the "double reduction" to more than 90%; On the other hand, the level of homework design has been continuously improved. 17 provinces have issued homework guides or homework design guidelines. The Ministry of education has also specially organized professional forces to develop the "guidelines for the design of discipline homework system" and 24 volumes of basic homework for 8 disciplines, which are available for free on the National Smart Education Platform for primary and secondary schools. The third-party survey shows that 87.8% of students feel that the amount of homework has been significantly reduced, and 85.9% of parents feel that educational anxiety has been alleviated. In terms of after-school services, we have basically achieved "full coverage of school development", and 97% of the counties and districts in the country have established a funding guarantee mechanism for after-school services. Schools around the country carry out after-school services, fully tap school resources, and strive to provide a variety of after-school service activities to meet the diverse learning needs of students. After school services not only effectively solve the problem of parents' meeting their children at "3:30", but also become an important way to highlight school characteristics and promote comprehensive education. According to a third-party survey, 88.3% of students said they liked the school's after-school services. In classroom teaching, we should insist on quality from management, and pay close attention to the quality of classroom teaching around the goal of "teachers should do their best to teach and students should learn well". At present, 21 provinces have issued discipline specific teaching guidance or basic requirements for classroom teaching. Guide schools to improve teaching management procedures, strictly implement teaching plans, strengthen teachers' lesson preparation and school-based teaching and research, and improve classroom teaching level. In order to effectively support the "double reduction" work, we have upgraded and developed the National Smart Education Platform for primary and secondary schools, which has played an important role in improving the quality of classroom teaching, enriching after-school services, and promoting the sharing of high-quality educational resources. The upgraded platform contains 10 sections and 53 columns, with a total of 34000 resources, which is 3.1 times that before the revision. Among them, the curriculum teaching section covers all grades and disciplines, involving 30 textbook versions, with a total of 19532 class hours; The after-school service section has six columns, including popular science education and physical exercise, to meet the diverse needs of students. Last autumn semester, the average monthly page views of the platform reached 450million. After the revision in March this year, the page views in April reached 1.27 billion, and the average monthly page views in July were about 800million, which was widely praised by the society. According to more than 3.8 million random questionnaires, the platform satisfaction is more than 85%. 31000 resources of the platform have been liked by users, accounting for 90% of the total resources. Reporter: behind the heavy data, what role has the Ministry of education played in implementing and promoting the "double reduction" of schools? Person in charge: over the past year, the Ministry of education has taken the "double reduction" as a major political task, as the "double one project" of the Ministry's Party group and education supervisor, and made every effort to promote it. The school insists on reducing the burden on the one hand and improving the quality on the other hand, pries the comprehensive reform of basic education with the "double reduction", guides the school to achieve the "three improvements", vigorously improves the level of operation management, after-school service and classroom teaching, and further strengthens the role of school education as the main position. The first is to introduce supporting measures and formulate supporting documents on strengthening homework management, strengthening after-school services, standardizing examination management, and exploring summer trusteeship to promote the implementation of "double reduction". Second, to promote comprehensive reform, the Ministry of education set up a basic education teaching steering committee to strengthen the guidance of teaching reform; Strengthen the promotion and application of excellent teaching achievements in basic education, and play a leading role in radiation; A demonstration area for comprehensive reform of basic education has been established to carry out the first work of establishing a high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education at the county level; We will deepen the reform of quality evaluation and the reform of the examination and enrollment system, give further play to the baton role of examination evaluation, and help better implement the "double reduction". Third, digital empowerment. We will upgrade and build a national platform for Smart Education in primary and secondary schools and strengthen resource supply. Fourth, improve the working mechanism. We have established a direct reporting and monitoring platform for the "double reduction" work, which connects 200000 compulsory education schools, and formed a mechanism for implementation of biweekly notification, monthly scheduling, and social supervision. 2. Adjust examination evaluation: leverage the comprehensive reform of basic education to deepen reporter: examination evaluation has always been known as the "baton" because of its profound impact and guidance on the educational ecology. The enrollment system has always been concerned by parents. What reforms have been made in examination evaluation, enrollment and other aspects in the past year? Person in charge: "double reduction" is not an end, but a means. Through the "double reduction", we will further promote the overall reform of basic education, systematically promote the reform of curriculum teaching, examination evaluation and enrollment management, improve the education system of moral, intellectual, physical, artistic and labor comprehensive training, and reshape the ecosystem of basic education. Effectively strengthen the management of examinations. The Ministry of education has issued the "notice on strengthening the management of examinations in compulsory education schools", promoting schools around the country to significantly reduce the number of examinations, standardize the management of examination questions, implement examination grade evaluation, and make rational use of examination results, so as to effectively reduce students' examination pressure and promote students' all-round development and healthy growth. At the beginning of this year, the notice on doing a good job in the proposition work of the 2022 high school entrance examination was specially issued to guide all regions to further improve the quality of the proposition of the high school entrance examination, make sure that the proposition is based on the standard, the difficulty is appropriate, and the learning and examination are connected, and resolutely do not take the high school entrance examination, off campus training and social competition content, so as to promote the effective implementation of the "double reduction". Improve the quality evaluation system. Three quality evaluation guidelines for compulsory education, ordinary high schools and kindergartens have been issued successively, which clearly put forward the key contents, key indicators and examination points of the evaluation, and put forward clear requirements for the evaluation methods, implementation, application of evaluation results and organizational guarantee. The quality evaluation system of basic education guided by the development of quality education has been constructed as a whole, paying more attention to comprehensive evaluation and value-added evaluation, We should guide the establishment of a correct view of educational achievements and the quality of scientific education, and resolutely overcome the tendency of only focusing on grades and entering higher education. Deploy and promote local schools to study and judge the standards, and rectify according to the standards, so as to continuously improve the quality of running schools. Improve the comprehensive quality evaluation of primary and secondary school students, refine the evaluation contents and requirements in five aspects: Ideological and moral character, academic level, physical and mental health, artistic quality and labor and social practice, guide students to enhance their comprehensive quality, and promote their comprehensive and personalized development. Strictly standardize enrollment management. We should achieve full coverage of compulsory education free of examination and admission to nearby schools, and proceed from reality. Where the allocation of educational resources is not balanced, we should steadily promote the division of multiple schools, adopt the random allocation method of admission, and actively promote the group running of schools, the combination of the strength of primary schools and junior high schools, and the allocation of high-quality general high school enrollment indicators to weak junior high schools in the region, so as to balance the enrollment opportunities. We will further promote the "same enrollment of citizens" in primary and secondary schools and the territorial enrollment of ordinary high schools, resolutely curb illegal cross regional top-notch enrollment, and maintain a good enrollment order. We will conscientiously do a good job in the enrollment of migrant workers' accompanying children, adhere to the principle of "two priorities, two inclusion, and taking residence permits as the main basis", and the proportion of accompanying children studying in public schools (including degrees purchased by the government) reaches 90.9%. In order to effectively promote and deepen the comprehensive reform of basic education, the Ministry of education has established the first batch of 12 experimental areas for the comprehensive reform of basic education, covering the eastern, central and western regions and municipalities directly under the central government, sub provincial cities, prefecture level cities, county-level cities, etc., to promote the in-depth exploration and implementation of the central government's major decisions and arrangements on basic education, improve the basic education governance system, and promote the high-quality development of basic education in combination with different realities. The experimental areas have deepened the reform in strengthening the overall coordination role of the Party committee and the government, implementing the "double reduction", stimulating the vitality of primary and secondary schools, and promoting the digitization of education. They have achieved positive results and effectively played a demonstration and leading role. The comprehensive reform of basic education is breaking through from the deep-water area. 3. Improve quality evaluation: promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education reporter: in addition to the change of examination evaluation, the evaluation standards of "good school" and "high quality" are also changing. In fact, what the masses are most concerned about is, in a word, being able to receive fair and high-quality education. So, what positive measures have been taken to narrow the gap, promote balance and overall improvement in the past year? Person in charge: promoting the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and running every school at home are the fundamental policies to ensure the full implementation of the "double reduction". At the end of 2021, China's compulsory education has fully realized the basic balance of counties, which is another new milestone in the history of compulsory education development. In accordance with the national "14th five year plan" outline and the deployment of 2035 long-term goals, the next step is to focus on promoting the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education, and strive to meet the people's good expectations of "going to school". Promoting the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education is also an important task for the in-depth implementation of the "double reduction", which we have carefully planned and actively promoted over the past year. The main task of the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education is to realize the "four changes", that is, the concept of all-round development is clearer, the degree of standardization is higher, the teaching staff is stronger, and the people are more satisfied. At the end of 2021, the general office of the Ministry of Education issued the notice on the establishment of high-quality and balanced compulsory education at the county level, organized and selected 135 counties and districts nationwide to take the lead in the establishment of high-quality and balanced compulsory education, put forward 20 tough lists, focused on solving key and difficult problems, and explored the path and effective measures to achieve high-quality and balanced compulsory education. The Ministry of education also guided all localities to formulate the work plan for the supervision and evaluation of the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education at the county level, and clarified the timetable and road map. Together with relevant departments, we will continue to implement major projects such as the improvement of weak links and capacity improvement of compulsory education, further improve the shortcomings and bottom line, and improve the school running conditions of weak schools. Promoting high-quality and balanced development is the strategic task of compulsory education, which requires the mobilization of all forces to jointly do this work
Edit：sishi Responsible editor：xingyong
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