Five million students scoliosis? Experts from Beijing Children's Hospital teach you self-test
2022-07-18
In the summer, parents take their children to the hospital for evaluation and treatment, and the situation of "scoliosis" increases significantly. According to the people's daily in January this year, the number of primary and secondary school students with scoliosis in China has exceeded 5million, and is increasing at a rate of about 300000 per year. Scoliosis has become the third major disease endangering the health of children and adolescents in China after obesity and myopia. A few days ago, the screening results of a hospital in Zhejiang Province for adolescent scoliosis in this area showed that the proportion of suspected positive and confirmed scoliosis reached 9.2%. To this end, the reporter of China Science Daily interviewed sun Baosheng, chief orthopedic physician of Beijing Children's hospital. He said that the detection rate of 9.2% should include non structural scoliosis, most of which can be recovered by maintaining good habits, while structural scoliosis such as idiopathic and congenital scoliosis generally needs surgical correction. Non structural side bending can be recovered through posture adjustment Scoliosis is a three-dimensional structural deformity of the spine. With the progress of the deformity, clinical symptoms such as trunk imbalance and back pain gradually appear. According to sun Baosheng, scoliosis can be divided into non structural and structural scoliosis according to whether the spinal structure has changed. Among them, "non structural scoliosis with a scoliosis of no more than 20 ° can be restored to the physiological range through posture adjustment and other measures". Structural scoliosis is usually considered as "real scoliosis" by medical institutions and professional doctors. According to the cause of the disease, sun Baosheng introduced several main types. The most common is idiopathic scoliosis, which accounts for about 75% to 80% of scoliosis in children and adolescents. It is prone to occur in adolescents aged 10 to 16, and the prevalence rate of women is significantly higher than that of boys. "The reason why it is called 'idiopathic' is that it is difficult to find a clear cause." Sun Baosheng said. The other is congenital scoliosis, which refers to vertebral deformities caused by various reasons in the embryonic stage. Some cases will become more serious as the child grows. Sun Baosheng suggested that such children can see a doctor after the age of 1. If surgery is needed, we will try to wait for the children to grow up. Hemivertebra deformity can be controlled after the age of 3. Other types, such as neuromuscular scoliosis and syndromic scoliosis, are caused by uncoordinated muscle scoliosis around the spine caused by nervous system diseases such as cerebral palsy and paravertebral muscular atrophy, or combined with some connective tissue diseases such as Marfan syndrome and neurofibromatosis. The incidence rate is relatively low. The detection rate of junior high school and senior high school is higher The monitoring and intervention results of common diseases and health influencing factors among students nationwide in 2019 organized by the disease control bureau of the National Health Commission showed that the total detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature among primary and secondary school students was about 2.8%, which was different from the screening results in the above news. Sun Baosheng analyzed that it might be related to the number of poor posture or non structural scoliosis with scoliosis less than 10 °. Among them, the detection rate of junior high school and senior high school is higher, mainly because the growth of teenagers at this stage is mainly due to the growth of the spine. However, at present, the physical exercise of the student group is relatively lack, resulting in the lack of muscle strength on both sides of the spine, which can not effectively fix the normal physiological curvature of the spine. If there is still sitting posture, standing posture is not correct, or long-term unilateral sleeping, it is easy to cause abnormal spinal curvature. Long term unilateral backpacking is also one of the incentives. From the perspective of the deformation structure of the spine, the originally straight spine may produce one, two or more bends, resulting in the rotation and distortion of the trunk. Obviously, scoliosis will affect the shape and function of the spine of children and adolescents, and the further harm is to affect physical health. "The deformities of thoracic vertebrae and lumbar vertebrae have the greatest impact. For example, the chest of children is squeezed, distorted and deformed, the chest becomes smaller, and the cardiopulmonary function will be affected. Some children start to gasp without much activity, and even affect their life expectancy." Other symptoms include low back pain, nerve damage, indigestion, abnormal heartbeat or limb sensory disturbance, as well as indigestion and loss of appetite caused by the impact on the gastrointestinal system. In addition to scoliosis, abnormal anterior and posterior curvature of the spine should also be noted The reporter learned that the National Health Commission issued the "technical guide for the prevention and control of spinal curvature abnormalities in children and adolescents" at the end of last year, which included the spinal curvature abnormality screening program in the physical examination of each academic year or freshmen. In order to find out early, do early and treat early, sun Baosheng said that parents can also often observe whether their children are "upright" and sitting "on their own. Healthy posture includes equal height of shoulders, center of head, symmetry of left and right scapula, equal height of inferior angle of scapula, symmetry of lumbar fossa on both sides, pelvic level, spine process line maintaining the midline, etc. "It is more effective to do a forward flexion test, let the child slowly 'bow' to about 90 degrees, and parents observe whether the two sides of the spine from the thoracic spine to the lumbar spine are uneven from behind." It is worth noting that, in addition to scoliosis, abnormal spinal curvature also includes a kind of abnormal spinal fore-and-aft curvature, which also has the difference between non structural and structural abnormalities. Postural hump belongs to the former. Sun Baosheng reminded that most non structural scoliosis can be corrected by adjusting the correct sitting, standing, walking and even writing posture, "However, if it is found that scoliosis is still getting more and more serious, it may be idiopathic scoliosis. We must see a doctor as soon as possible. If it is mild, it can be treated conservatively through exercise and braces. If it is more serious, it can be treated through spinal orthopedic surgery. The surgical effect, recovery and cost will be affected by the degree of scoliosis.". (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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