Experts with high level of influenza activities in Guangdong: influenza vaccination for children is particularly important
2022-06-27
"Vaccination is the most cost-effective way to prevent infectious diseases. Influenza vaccination for children can reduce the risk of fever, medical treatment, hospitalization, severe illness and death." Hudandan, director of the children's health care department of Guangzhou women and children's Medical Center, said at the Guangdong Branch of the "National Academic Exchange on respiratory infectious disease prevention and control" held in Guangzhou on the 25th that under the normal prevention and control of the COVID-19, children's influenza vaccination is particularly important. The incidence rate of influenza is high, and the whole population is generally susceptible. In June this year, the flu came with great momentum. On June 20, the number of fever outpatient visits in the two hospitals of Guangzhou Women's and children's Medical Center totaled 2655, reaching a new high this year. "The number of outpatient visits to fever clinics is about 700 to 800, reaching 2500 in the past two weeks." Hu Dandan said that in combination with clinical symptoms and test results, many children with fever were found to be infected with type a H3N2 influenza. According to the 22nd weekly report of China National Influenza Center in 2022, the positive rate of influenza virus detection in southern provinces continued to rise, and some provinces entered the high incidence period in summer, showing a gradual increasing trend, mainly a (H3N2) subtype influenza virus. According to the data of Guangdong Center for Disease Control and prevention, the number of patients with influenza like symptoms has increased. The proportion of influenza like cases (ILI) in outpatient clinics reached 7.29% (the 22nd week, data from May 30 to June 5), indicating that 7 of the average 100 outpatient cases were people with fever above 38 ℃ and accompanied by influenza symptoms such as cough or sore throat. The results of influenza etiology surveillance in Guangdong Province showed that the dominant influenza strain in Guangdong Province was "A3", that is, a (H3N2) subtype influenza virus. A (H3N2) subtype influenza virus is a common influenza subtype, which has been prevalent in Guangdong Province in previous years, such as the summer of 2015 and 2017. The incidence of influenza in children is about 20-30% in the flu season every year. In some high epidemic seasons, the annual infection rate of influenza in children can be as high as about 50%. The outbreak of school-based influenza often precedes and intensifies the spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza in the community, which is easy to cause the spread of influenza virus. Unlike the common cold, influenza is prone to complications and develop into severe cases. Children younger than 5 years old, especially under 2 years old, are more likely to have serious complications. Influenza in children can cause influenza related encephalopathy, encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis, Guillain Barre syndrome, etc. Acute necrotizing encephalopathy has a high disability and mortality rate, which requires special vigilance. It usually occurs 12 to 72 hours after the onset of influenza. The cross epidemics of new coronavirus and influenza will bring the burden of superposition effect. Professor zhangyonghui, chief scientist of Guangdong Center for Disease Control and prevention, said that the risk of simultaneous epidemics of influenza and novel coronavirus is high, and the severe cases and mortality of influenza virus combined with novel coronavirus infection are high. According to the characteristics of influenza virus epidemic in southern China, Hu Dandan said that there has been a small peak of influenza epidemic at present, and it is recommended to vaccinate in time after the influenza vaccine comes into the market. In addition, the influenza virus vaccine and the novel coronavirus vaccine neither conflict nor replace each other. Therefore, after the new coronavirus vaccine is vaccinated, it is recommended to vaccinate the influenza vaccine at an interval of 14 days. Wang Ming, chief expert of Guangzhou Preventive Medicine Association, said that at present, the vaccination rate of influenza vaccine in China is far lower than that of Xinguan vaccine. In addition, because there are many subtypes of influenza virus and it is easy to mutate, the strains of influenza outbreak each year are often different from the previous year, which increases the difficulty of its prevention and control. Therefore, only annual vaccination can enable children to obtain sustained immunity. After vaccination, it takes about 2-4 weeks for the body to produce antibodies with a protective level. In addition, experts also suggested that to prevent influenza, windows should be opened frequently for ventilation, heatstroke prevention and cooling should be correct, and the air conditioning temperature should not be too low in summer; Do a good job in daily protective measures, including maintaining good respiratory hygiene habits, washing hands frequently, avoiding close contact with patients with flu symptoms, frequent ventilation, etc. In case of influenza like symptoms, students should immediately stop classes or leave their jobs to avoid contact with others and seek medical treatment in time. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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