On the 13th local time, the "Gaia" team of the European Space Agency (ESA) released the largest, most accurate and most detailed map of the Milky Way galaxy so far, including the data of nearly 2billion stars collected by the "Gaia" probe, describing "star earthquakes", star DNA, asymmetric motion and other new insights. ESA said the findings would "completely change people's understanding of the Milky Way". This release is the third batch of data of Gaia mission, including the chemical composition of stars, star temperature, color, mass, age and the speed (radial speed) of stars approaching or away from people. The data also includes a special subset of stars, such as those whose brightness changes over time. Gaia also detected more than 100000 so-called "star quakes", which ESA compared to "a large tsunami that caused stars to surge". This allows scientists to infer how the interior of a star works and its density and temperature. The chemical composition of a star, like its DNA, records important information about its origin. This time, "Gaia" revealed the largest Galaxy chemistry map combined with 3D motion, covering smaller galaxies from near the sun to around the earth. Gaia's data reveal the migration process within the Milky Way galaxy and the accretion process of external galaxies, clearly indicating that the sun and the earth belong to a changing system, which is composed of stars and gases from different sources. Another new content in the data set is the largest binary catalog so far, thousands of solar system objects, such as asteroids and planetary satellites, and about 2.9 million galaxies and 1.9 million quasars outside the Milky Way - extremely bright galactic nuclei powered by supermassive black holes. Gaia probe is a space science satellite developed by ESA and launched in 2013. It is located in an orbit about 1.5 million kilometers away from the earth. Its task is to create the most accurate and complete multidimensional map of the Milky Way galaxy. This will enable astronomers to study the structure and evolution of the Milky Way galaxy and better understand the life cycle of stars. The first batch of main data of Gaia was released in 2016, which introduced the brightness and position of 1.1 billion stars in detail; The second batch of data was released in 2018. Now, it took the "Gaia" team five years to release the latest data observed from 2014 to 2017. The final data set will be published in 2030, and "Gaia" will complete its sky survey mission in 2025. (Xinhua News Agency)
Edit：Li Jialang Responsible editor：Mu Mu
Source：xinhuanet
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