New energy storage acceleration "charging"
2022-06-16
When the power consumption is low, it is "charged" and stored through the power grid, and the stored electric energy is released after the power consumption peak, so as to ensure the stability of the power system - this kind of energy storage power station with the principle similar to the "power bank" has been widely used throughout the country in recent years, which has played an important role in stabilizing the power supply. Recently, the national development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued the notice on further promoting the participation of new energy storage in the power market and dispatching application (hereinafter referred to as the notice), which made it clear that new energy storage can participate in the power market as an independent energy storage, and made arrangements for its market mechanism, pricing mechanism and operation mechanism. According to the analysis of insiders, this move will strongly promote the development of new energy storage industry and provide strong support for the construction of new power system in China. What is new energy storage? —— In addition to pumped storage, new energy storage technologies include new lithium ion batteries, liquid flow batteries, compressed air, etc Have you ever seen a power station that does not burn coal or natural gas but allows the air to "show its skill"? On May 26, Jiangsu Jintan Yanxue compressed air energy storage project was officially put into operation. Caoqingwei, chairman of Jiangsu company of China Huaneng Group, who is responsible for the construction and operation and maintenance of the project, told our reporter that as the world's first non supplementary combustion compressed air energy storage power station, the power station does not burn coal or natural gas, but uses compressed air to drive the turbine generator set to rotate for power generation. When the power consumption is low, the air is compressed into the salt cavern by electric energy, and the air is released for power generation at the peak of power consumption. After the project is put into operation, it can provide 60000kw peak shaving capacity for the local power grid, 300000 kwh of electricity can be stored in one energy storage cycle, and about 100million kwh of peak shaving electricity can be increased every year to realize the "peak shaving and valley filling" of power supply and demand. Compressed air energy storage is a new energy storage technology, and its function can be popularly understood as "power bank". As the power is generated and used immediately, it is often necessary to increase the power investment according to the power demand of peak load, which is not only costly, but also prone to surplus power supply. Using energy storage technology to store power at low power consumption and release it at peak power consumption can effectively avoid "uneven busy and idle" of power system and ensure the stability of power supply. "New energy storage is relative to traditional energy storage." Zeng Ming, director of the energy Internet research center of North China Electric Power University, introduced to our reporter that the main representative of traditional energy storage is pumped storage power station, while new energy storage refers to new energy storage technologies other than pumped storage, including new lithium-ion batteries, liquid flow batteries, compressed air, mechanical energy storage, etc. "In recent years, the traditional energy storage represented by pumped storage power station has developed rapidly, with relatively mature technology and wide application." Zeng Ming said that promoting the development of new energy storage on this basis is closely related to its fast response, wide functions, flexible configuration, short construction cycle and other characteristics. In terms of site selection and layout, the new type of energy storage has more space and stronger environmental adaptability. It can be deployed on the power generation side, power grid side and user side, and can be large-scale or distributed. From the perspective of function, the new energy storage can play the role of peak load regulation, frequency regulation, etc., and can also be used as a backup power supply to smooth the volatility of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation. In recent years, China has accelerated the development and utilization of renewable energy, and the concept of green and low carbon has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. However, wind power and photovoltaic have the characteristics of "watching the weather for dinner". When it is "extremely hot without wind" and "extremely cold without light", it is easy to cause fluctuations in power supply. "To maintain the stability of frequency and voltage, it is necessary to systematically dispatch energy storage resources to smooth the volatility of new energy power generation." Zeng Ming said that this includes the unified dispatching of power system and the optimal dispatching within the scope of distributed new energy storage. In recent years, new businesses such as virtual power plants can also ensure power stability by dispatching energy storage resources. Clarify the identity of market subject —— The new energy storage can participate in the power market as an independent energy storage; If an independent energy storage power station transmits power to the power grid, its corresponding charging power will not bear the transmission and distribution price, government funds and surcharges With the accelerated development of renewable energy, the construction of new energy storage projects in China has been significantly accelerated. By the end of 2021, the cumulative installed capacity of new energy storage in China has exceeded 4million kW, and application scenarios such as "new energy + energy storage", conventional thermal power configuration and storage, and smart micro grid have been emerging. The business model has been gradually expanded, and the supporting role for energy transformation has initially emerged. However, the identity positioning and investment return mechanism of new energy storage in the power market were not clear enough, which affected the enthusiasm of market participants in investment and construction to a certain extent. "In the past, the relevant market rules mainly specified that energy storage participated in the peak shaving and frequency modulation auxiliary service market, but the rule design for energy storage to participate in the medium and long-term trading, spot trading and other markets, especially the access standards and registration, trading and settlement rules, still need to be refined and improved." Huangbibin, deputy director of new energy and Statistics Research Institute of State Grid Energy Research Institute, told our reporter. From the power generation side, at present, most domestic new energy storage units are operated in conjunction with new energy or thermal power generating units. The regulating function of energy storage is used to improve the frequency modulation performance of thermal power and obtain frequency modulation auxiliary service compensation. The relevant income is not high. In terms of independent energy storage, when the charge and discharge price mechanism is not clear, if it is implemented by referring to the traditional power user and generator unit price mechanism, the power station, as a power user, needs to pay the on grid price, transmission and distribution price, government funds, surcharges and related taxes when using the power supplied by the grid for charging; However, when discharging to the power grid, the independent energy storage is equivalent to a generator set, and only gains from electricity price and auxiliary services. When the power grid sells the electricity released by independent energy storage to end users, the buyer still needs to pay the transmission and distribution price, government funds and surcharges. In order to better promote the development of the new energy storage industry, the notice issued this time proposes that the new energy storage can participate in the power market as an independent energy storage. At the same time, accelerate the participation of independent energy storage in the power market and cooperate with the power grid peak shaving. If an independent energy storage power station transmits power to the power grid, its corresponding charging power will not bear the transmission and distribution price, government funds and surcharges. "We encouraged the signing of market contracts in peak and trough periods, and refined the profit-making methods for independent energy storage to participate in the power market; we made it clear that the charged electricity does not bear the transmission and distribution electricity price, government funds and surcharges, etc., and solved the problem of unclear pricing mechanism of the original charged electricity, which is conducive to promoting the development of independent energy storage and making profits in the market." Huangbibin said. Take Shandong Province, which has an independent energy storage power station, as an example. According to the purchasing power price issued by the State Grid Shandong electric power company in March this year, for power users of 220kV and above, the electricity transmission and distribution price per kilowatt hour is 0.1169 yuan / kWh, and the government funds and surcharges are about 0.027 yuan / kWh. Industry insiders said that after the implementation of the new policy, the independent energy storage participating in Shandong spot market will directly benefit, and the income of kWh is expected to increase by 0.1 ~ 0.2 yuan / kWh. Accelerate the development of large "power bank" —— New energy storage on the generation side, user side and grid side can participate in market transactions; Speed up technical support, promote new energy storage to achieve high-quality development On May 27, the civil works of the flywheel energy storage project of Ningxia electric power Lingwu company of the national energy group were completed, becoming the first full capacity "flywheel energy storage thermal power joint frequency modulation" project in China, and also an engineering project with the largest single power and the largest total energy storage of flywheel energy storage in the world. "The project is characterized by full magnetic levitation, low energy consumption and fast response. Its life cycle is designed to be 25 years. Within this life cycle, it can achieve more than 10million times of storage and discharge. The conversion between charging and discharge can reach the millisecond level, which can effectively meet the needs of rapid frequency modulation of the power grid." Diaoshijun, deputy general manager of Ningxia power Lingwu company of national energy group, told reporters. At present, the new type of energy storage is mainly used to regulate the instability of power generation. According to the notice, new energy storage projects existing in the form of configuration are encouraged to join other types of power supply and be regarded as a whole to participate in the power market in accordance with existing relevant rules. At the same time, encourage new energy stations and auxiliary energy storage to jointly participate in the market, use energy storage to improve the network related performance of new energy, and ensure the efficient consumption and utilization of new energy. "Encourage the new energy allocation and construction and its power supply to jointly participate in the power market, which will help the new energy storage better implement the medium and long-term time division and curve trading on the basis of cooperating with the new energy to complete the assessment of output deviation and reduce power abandonment, improve the performance capacity of the new energy in the spot market, and provide more support for the regulation of the power system, which will further promote the development of new energy storage technologies on the new energy side." Huangbibin said. In addition to the power generation side, the notice also puts forward requirements for the market-oriented construction of new energy storage on the user side and the power grid side, and clearly supports the development of energy storage on the user side, "appropriately enlarge the price difference between peak and valley, and create space for the development of energy storage on the user side" and "encourage the further expansion of the upper and lower limit prices in the medium and long-term power market and spot market, guide the user side to actively allocate new energy storage, and increase the revenue channels for energy storage on the user side". At the same time, it is required to establish a grid side energy storage price mechanism. Huangbibin told the reporter that, taking the lithium-ion battery energy storage, which has developed rapidly in recent years, as an example, the current system construction cost is about 1500 ~ 2000 yuan / kWh, but the full life cycle kilowatt hour cost is still 2-3 times that of pumped storage. "The issuance of the notice will create conditions for new types of energy storage such as lithium-ion battery energy storage to participate in various power markets and obtain reasonable income." The expansion of new energy storage industry is also inseparable from technological innovation. Huangbibin believes that China's new energy storage technology has made great progress, but the core indicators such as efficiency, capacity and service life still need to be broken, especially when the output time of new energy is limited under extreme weather conditions, there is a lack of new energy storage technology with large capacity and long cycle for system regulation. He suggested that in the future, with the goal of meeting the power supply guarantee and the safe and stable operation of the power grid, we should focus on promoting the research and development and system integration of new energy storage core technologies and equipment with large capacity, long cycle, low cost and high safety, and promote the high-quality development of the new energy storage industry by deepening the collaborative innovation of industry, University, research and application, and carrying out demonstration applications. (Xinhua News Agency)
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：People's Daily
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