Reform and persistence on the long road of college entrance examination
2022-06-08
College entrance examination is an important link and key link connecting basic education and higher education. It is also an important breakthrough in the reform of education evaluation system. The college entrance examination plays an important role in implementing the fundamental task of Building Morality and cultivating people, guiding quality education and promoting the all-round development of students. The annual college entrance examination comes as scheduled. Although the college entrance examination is carried out every year, which seems to be the same year after year, the continuous reform is making this "reserved repertoire" sing constantly, and the years are different. Fairness is the lifeline of college entrance examination The college entrance examination affects the hearts of every child and their parents. Fairness, justice and safety are the lifeline of the college entrance examination. The college entrance examination system affects the distribution of higher education resources. Therefore, the college entrance examination is constantly being reformed and tried in the aspects of assessment content, proposition method, organization form, enrollment and registration. The purpose is to ensure the fairness of the starting point, process and result of the college entrance examination while realizing the goal of basic education. As early as 2005, the Ministry of education implemented the "sunshine project" for the enrollment of ordinary colleges and universities, aiming to make public the enrollment policy, the enrollment qualification of colleges and universities and the qualification of candidates, the enrollment plan, the admission information, the channels for candidates' consultation and appeal, major violations and the handling results. Since the implementation of the "sunshine project", China's college entrance examination has been further improved. The "sunshine project" has also become a popular project for the education front to implement fairness and justice. In January, 2022, the Ministry of Education issued the notice of the Ministry of education on doing a good job in the enrollment of ordinary colleges and universities in 2022 (hereinafter referred to as the notice). The notice pointed out that we should further promote the fairness of higher education enrollment opportunities, continue to increase the preference for the central and western regions and rural areas, implement the special plan for key colleges and universities to face the rural and poverty-stricken areas, strictly enforce the conditions for entry, strengthen the qualification review, and optimize the enrollment procedures, Promote the implementation of preferential policies for special programs; To improve the classified examinations in higher vocational colleges, the provincial education administrative departments should strengthen the standardized management of the classified examinations, strengthen the supervision of the examinations organized by higher vocational colleges, and ensure fairness and justice; Strictly enforce the management of enrollment. Local schools should strictly implement the national enrollment plan and policies, strictly enforce the discipline of enrollment, strengthen the batch management of college enrollment, strictly regulate the behavior of major categories of enrollment, seriously implement the requirements for the posting and delivery of admission notices, and ensure that the posting and delivery of admission notices are safe, timely and accurate. We should strictly organize the reexamination of Freshmen's admission qualifications to ensure the fairness and impartiality of enrollment. This year, on the eve of the college entrance examination, the Ministry of education has jointly launched the "2022 college entrance examination escort action" with multiple departments. Local education examination institutions will cooperate with local network information Public security departments and other departments have concentrated on many special actions, such as "lighting up the official website logo of authoritative examination and enrollment institutions", "cleaning up internet public accounts involved in examinations", "cracking down on mobile phone cheating", "cracking down on the sale of cheating equipment", "cracking down on cheating in substitute examinations", as well as "purifying the network environment involved in examinations" and "purifying the surrounding environment of examination sites", to actively create a good examination environment and resolutely safeguard the fairness of examinations. Multiple evaluation system to improve students' comprehensive quality China's higher education has entered the stage of popularization and development. Higher education has a higher demand for the comprehensive quality of talents, which puts forward higher requirements for the enrollment of college entrance examination. Therefore, the college entrance examination evaluation system should also be based on talent demand, and constantly adjust and innovate, so as to give play to the guiding role of college entrance examination in talent training. Based on the theory of quality-oriented education and the law of examination evaluation, the college entrance examination evaluation system creatively connects the quality-oriented education objectives with the examination contents, the evaluation dimensions of quality-oriented education with the examination requirements, and creates a problem situation that can more truly reflect the quality of examinees as the examination carrier, thus forming a quality evaluation model of "examination contents, examination requirements and examination carrier". In january2020, the examination center of the Ministry of Education issued the evaluation system of China's college entrance examination and the description of the evaluation system of China's college entrance examination, pointing out that the innovation of the evaluation system of the college entrance examination is precisely the transformation of the college entrance examination from a simple examination evaluation to an important carrier and a key link of quality education; It is effectively connected with the concept, objectives and requirements of quality education, and has realized the transformation of the college entrance examination from the traditional evaluation of "knowledge intention" and "ability intention" to the comprehensive evaluation of "value leading, quality oriented, ability oriented and knowledge-based". In fact, this change has long been "traceable". In 2014, the Ministry of Education released the opinions on strengthening and improving the comprehensive quality evaluation of senior high school students, which proposed that senior high schools should scientifically determine the specific contents and requirements of students' comprehensive quality evaluation based on the age characteristics of students' development and in combination with local education and teaching practice, change the practice of evaluating students based on examination results, and provide an important reference for college enrollment. In 2016, the Ministry of Education issued the guiding opinions on further promoting the reform of high school examination and enrollment system, which further stipulated that the comprehensive quality evaluation results of junior high school students can be used as the basis or reference for high school enrollment to evaluate the "forced" school curriculum and teaching improvement, the transformation of talent training mode, and the transformation of talent outlook from all walks of life, So as to implement the educational goal of cultivating students with "comprehensive and personalized development". Let the college entrance examination become the arm of promoting innovative talents Education is the foundation for the development of a country and a nation. Cultivating innovative scientific and technological talents is one of the important goals of education in China. Cultivating innovative talents depends on flexible educational system and mechanism, and requires innovative talent training mode and reform of examination and evaluation system. Among them, the examination and evaluation system plays an important role in talent selection and guidance. The "baton" of the college entrance examination points to what and how to cultivate talents. Therefore, to cultivate innovative talents, we must adhere to the reform of the college entrance examination evaluation system and enrollment system, gradually form a college entrance examination enrollment system of classified examination, comprehensive evaluation and multiple admission, focus on the comprehensive quality, innovative spirit and practical ability of students, strive to cultivate students' independent thinking ability and practical ability, and promote the all-round development of students. In 2014, the State Council issued the implementation opinions on deepening the reform of the examination and enrollment system, with special emphasis on the cultivation of students' innovative spirit and practical ability, and put forward clear guidance and specific improvement measures for the examination and enrollment work in China. The China college entrance examination evaluation system also proposes to highlight the innovative examination of students in terms of examination requirements. For example, through the design of open and exploratory situations, strengthen the examination and cultivation of students' innovative consciousness and innovative thinking ability, help high school actively explore situational and problem-oriented interactive, heuristic, exploratory, experiential and other classroom teaching, help high school actively carry out confirmatory and exploratory experimental teaching, and help cultivate students' innovative thinking and practical ability. Chuzhaohui, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, pointed out that the reform of the college entrance examination has given universities and talents more choices, which is of great help to the cultivation of innovative talents. "The reform of the college entrance examination is getting rid of the 'score only' theory. Perhaps in the future, candidates' transcripts will only have scores of different subjects, and there will be no total score. It can be expected that with the advancement of the reform, the college entrance examination will increasingly become an arm to hold up innovative talents." He said. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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