Why do colleges and universities offer charity management
2022-05-27
At the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Education officially approved Zhejiang University of industry and Commerce and Shandong University of industry and commerce to offer undergraduate programs in charity management. At present, the two universities are vigorously carrying out enrollment work. The undergraduate program of charity management was approved for the first time in China, and this enrollment is also the first time. The establishment of charity management specialty is not an isolated event. Behind it is the overall growth and unremitting efforts of China's charity industry, which condenses the ten-year exploration achievements of charity education in Colleges and universities. It is a major event in the development of charity in China. This not only indicates that public welfare charity has officially become a career development field fully encouraged by the state and expected by young people, but also means that the development and knowledge accumulation of public welfare charity industry have reached a certain degree and officially entered the track of professional development. The great development of public welfare and philanthropy is the inevitable trend that China's economic and social development has entered a new era and new stage. With the rapid accumulation of social wealth over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China's society has entered a "rich society" to a certain extent. How to create social value while pursuing wealth and how to choose a more meaningful lifestyle have increasingly become people's internal spiritual needs in the new era, and public welfare charity is such a path to innovate wealth and individual value. However, the lack of professionals is an important bottleneck in the development of public welfare charities. According to the "14th five year plan" for the development of social organizations issued by the Ministry of civil affairs, the number of full-time workers of social organizations will reach 12.5 million in 2025. However, the public knows little about social organizations and public welfare charities as important employment fields other than organs, enterprises and institutions. In 2016, Article 88 of the charity law proposed that "the State encourages colleges and universities to cultivate charity professionals". The approval of the undergraduate major of charity management in the two colleges and universities is the most important and substantive progress of charity education since the promulgation of the law, which is expected to promote the whole society to pay attention to this developing professional field. China's public awareness of public charity began with the Wenchuan earthquake and the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008. The negative events of the Red Cross after that objectively contributed to the collective reflection of the public charity industry and the exploration of the cultivation of charity professionals in Colleges and universities. The formal establishment of the charity management major in the two universities can be said to be ripe, which represents the landing of a complete talent training model for charity professionals, which is worth looking forward to. However, it should also be noted that the development of China's public welfare charities is still in the primary stage as a whole, and there are institutional and cultural backgrounds, value orientations and development paths different from those in the West. Therefore, the development of China's charity education still faces practical challenges such as weak discipline foundation, insufficient production of localized knowledge, low social awareness and weak employment attraction. Relevant universities must work with the government, industry organizations and all sectors of society to make breakthroughs in the following three aspects. First, strengthen the accumulation of local knowledge and consolidate the discipline foundation of public welfare and charity with Chinese characteristics. Although professional education is guided by social division of labor and talent demand, its foundation is the knowledge system accumulated by research and discipline development. The existing public welfare and charity education in China involves different disciplinary backgrounds such as public administration, business administration, social work and even law. The disciplinary basis and knowledge system are complex and lack of consensus. In addition, the core courses such as "non-profit organization management" and "social innovation and entrepreneurship" mainly learn from foreign theoretical basis, methodology and even cases, which are not fully applicable to the situation in China. In view of this, colleges and scholars with different disciplinary backgrounds must work together to build the core knowledge system of charity professional education while respecting the characteristics of their respective disciplines. Educators and practitioners must also work together to create knowledge, so that the charity knowledge in the classroom can truly nourish the development of philanthropy with Chinese characteristics. Second, strengthen charity general education and enhance the awareness of charity and social innovation and Entrepreneurship of the whole society. Charity education is a systematic project. In addition to strengthening the "internal strength" of education providers, the development of professional education also needs to actively cultivate a supportive social environment and student source foundation. Some foundations have also launched projects to support the construction of charity general courses in Colleges and universities and the cultivation of charity professionals. Experience shows that the systematic promotion of the two types of education has produced a good synergy. The former expands the teaching staff of charity education and improves the students' and the public's understanding of the charity industry through a small cost, and the latter in turn provides a career growth path for the young people affected by the former. In the future, it is also necessary to further extend charity general education to the moral education system of primary and secondary schools, or combine it with ideological and political education, innovation and entrepreneurship education, social practice and voluntary service education in Colleges and universities, so as to make public welfare or innovation and entrepreneurship for public welfare enter the mainstream and truly become a career for which young people can strive. Third, guarantee the whole process of selecting, educating and employing people, and enhance the attraction of charity professional education. At present, the employment attraction of public welfare charity is not sufficient. To enhance the attraction of professional education, we must make efforts at the front and rear enrollment and employment ends at the same time. On the one hand, select those students who are truly compassionate, interested in public welfare and charity and have internal pursuit; On the other hand, we should establish employment mechanisms such as "order training" with the industry, and work with the government and the industry to improve the professional environment of public welfare and charity practitioners, so that the educated can use what they have learned and enjoy the talent policy and competitive salary equivalent to other employment fields. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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