A section of Red Mansions in Shamian witnessed the revolution
2022-04-07
In Shamian, Guangzhou, there are two Red Mansions, one in the East and one in the West. Today we are talking about the Red Mansions in the West. It is located at No. 68 Shamian street. This red brick building is hidden in tall and straight kapok trees with dense shade. It has experienced nearly a century of vicissitudes. The sign on the wall indicates that it was the consulate of the Soviet Union. Who knows, in this now silent building, there has been a revolution and a bloodbath. It is closely related to the Guangzhou Uprising, and even the breaking of diplomatic relations between the Nanjing government and the former Soviet Union. It also witnessed the breathtaking history of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party about the northern withdrawal of Guangdong revolutionary armed forces. Present and past of red mansions with sandy faces one 's sabre-rattling is getting louder and the smell of gunpowder thicker: The reactionaries shot and killed the consular staff In 1916, the Tsar government bought the red building with sand noodles from a British businessman, and it has become the Russian consulate in Guangzhou since then; After the October Revolution, it became the consulate of the former Soviet Union in Guangzhou. After the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup in 1927, the then Nanjing government moved closer to Britain and the United States, strained relations with the former Soviet Union, and even broke off diplomatic relations. In December 1927, our party launched the Guangzhou Uprising. On December 13, 1927, the Beijing Morning Post reported that "when there was a scuffle, more than 10 Russians took part in the command, and the male and female students of the City Youth League also put forward a new type of barge shell to join the battle". The Kuomintang reactionary government was angry at the former Soviet consulate in Guangzhou. Gao Hong, a scholar of party history and former deputy inspector of the general office of the Guangdong Provincial CPPCC, said: on the evening of December 13, 1927, the staff of the consulate were having dinner. At about 8:00, a group of armed Kuomintang soldiers rushed into the consulate. It was said that this group was Xue Yue's army, tied up all the consular staff, and then dragged them to the city to walk in the streets for public display. This is a clear violation of diplomatic law. Statistics show that on December 14, five Soviet personnel of the consulate, including Vice Consul hassis, were arrested and publicly shot dead. Then, the Nanjing Kuomintang government announced that it had severed diplomatic ties with the former Soviet Union, and Consul pokhwalinski and other personnel were expelled from China. map out a strategy: Plotting against the Kuomintang negotiators On January 10, 1946, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party officially signed an armistice agreement and issued an armistice order. In order to supervise the implementation of the armistice agreement, the "three person committee" was formed by the representative of the Communist Party of China Zhou Enlai, the representative of the Kuomintang Zhang Zhizhong and the representative of the United States Marshall. At the same time, representatives were sent to form the military mediation implementation Department (hereinafter referred to as the military mediation Department) in Peiping. First, 36 implementation teams were sent to all localities, and the eighth implementation team was responsible for Guangdong. In this building, Ling Zhimin (changed to Ling Zhiming after the founding of new China), the Deputy negotiation representative of the Kuomintang, was plotted by our negotiation representative Fang Fang and deputy representative Lin Zhan. Ling Zhiming was born in Huangpu Military Academy and worked in the Ministry of national defense in Nanjing. He has always been dissatisfied with the corruption of the Kuomintang government. After joining the "military mediation", he lived in this building. He said that when he came into contact with the Communist Party here and entered this building, he was equivalent to entering a "Marxist Leninist University". Ling Zhiming has a decent style. In addition to negotiation, he is only buried in reading and silent. Ling Zhiming learned a foreign language from Lin Zhan, Secretary of Fang Fang, the representative of the Communist Party of China. Taking advantage of this opportunity, we presented him books such as "on New Democracy" and "on coalition government". Ling Zhiming's thought began to progress and was finally won over by our party. Gags Interestingly, in 1949, the Kuomintang Nanjing government moved its capital to Guangzhou, and Luo Shen, the former Soviet ambassador to China, also followed. It was upgraded to an embassy. On October 1, 1949, the flag of "sickle and hammer" of the consulate of the former Soviet Union was lowered. On the morning of October 15, the day after the liberation of Guangzhou, the flag of the former Soviet Union was flying in the wind again. From the first national day of the people's Republic of China (October 1, 1949), for consulates of various countries in Shamian, the Soviet consulate lowered the national flag and raised the national flag first. be raging like a storm: Battle of wits and courage with the Kuomintang Now, in the Red Mansions on the sand shrouded in kapok trees, everything seems quiet and serene. Who would have expected a bloody scene here. After the former Soviet Union once withdrew from the red building in Shamian, on December 8, 1941, the Japanese army entered here, renamed the path in front of the door Fuxing Road and handed it over to the Wang puppet government. After the victory of the war of resistance against Japan in 1946, on the eve of the civil war, another thrilling scene took place here. Gao Hong said that on January 25, 1946, a group of six from the eighth executive group of the military dispatching department arrived in Guangzhou. The representative of the United States is colonel Miller, the representative of the Kuomintang is major Huang Weiqin, and the representative of the Communist Party of China is major general Fang. The negotiation place of the eighth executive group is No. 64, Shamian Fuxing Road, which is today No. 68, Shamian street. In this building, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party carried out a turbulent struggle. Wang Yuzhen, a descendant of Dongzong, told reporters that during the negotiations, Kuomintang personnel sneaked into the residence of our representatives twice to destroy the radio station in an attempt to interrupt the contact between the Chinese Communist negotiators and the Central Committee, Peiping and Chongqing. The Chinese side informed the US representative Colonel Miller of the situation and requested to use the US radio station to contact. At that time, the negotiation atmosphere in the building was very tense. The two sides often beat the table in less than ten minutes and broke up unhappily. Our negotiators are often interrogated by the Kuomintang military and police for no reason. On one occasion, deputy negotiators Lin Zhan and Comrade Wei Linfeng went out to see a doctor. When they returned to the red building, they were made difficult and were not allowed to enter the building. Some officers even pulled out their guns and threatened: "Guangzhou people hate you very much. We must protect you. You can't go out casually." Comrade Fang Fang, who was in the building, came out to reprimand the KMT soldiers who blocked the way. The matter also alerted the US representatives. Finally, the Secretary of the KMT negotiating team came out to calm things down. (outlook new era)
Edit：Luo yu Responsible editor：Wang xiao jing
Source：Guangzhou Daily
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