High education, consumption, it's time to manage
2022-03-31
In 2022, the postgraduate examination generally entered the re examination stage. According to media reports, a total of 4.57 million students participated in the postgraduate entrance examination this year. Finally, only about 1.3 million candidates were shortlisted for the re examination, and the online rate of the postgraduate entrance examination was less than 30%. There is also a view in the public discussion that the fierce competition makes the postgraduate entrance examination increasingly "college entrance examination". It can be said that in order to cope with the fierce competition in the postgraduate entrance examination, some undergraduate colleges organize teaching around the postgraduate entrance examination, and the trend of examination oriented higher education has appeared. Some undergraduates also take the postgraduate entrance examination as another way out of graduation and job hunting. The national line of postgraduate entrance examination, like the provincial control line of the college entrance examination, has attracted social attention. With the surge in the number of applicants for postgraduate entrance examination in recent years and the rise of the national line, some postgraduate entrance examination students continue to choose "World War II" and "three wars" after losing the list. Is this the inevitable result of the popularization of higher education? In 2021, the gross enrollment rate of higher education in China has reached 57.8%, and the admission rate of college entrance examination has exceeded 90%. After all school-age students are "college students", it seems that the identity of "graduate students" is the one to compete. The current trend of "college entrance examination" for postgraduate entrance examination is rooted in the process of promoting the popularization and popularization of higher education. The social outlook on education and talent have not been adjusted synchronously, and the academic orientation is still strengthened intentionally or unintentionally. Colleges and universities run schools with academic orientation, and students plan their academic development with improving their academic qualifications. It is urgent to face the trend of "college entrance examination" in postgraduate entrance examination, reverse the theory of "only education" in society, and promote the transformation of our society from education society to ability society. In view of the reality that "more than 3 million candidates failed to make the list", many people called for expanding the scale of graduate enrollment and allowing more graduate students to "go ashore". At present, the expansion of postgraduate enrollment seems to be a "win-win" move: more students succeed in postgraduate entrance examination, which can not only delay the employment difficulty of undergraduate graduates, but also reduce the difficulty of postgraduate entrance examination competition; For colleges and universities, it has reaped the great development of graduate education. With the expansion of graduate enrollment, many local undergraduate colleges and universities can also recruit masters, hold graduate education and improve the level of running schools. However, it must be pointed out that this is a short-sighted and utilitarian move that requires vigilance. The "scale of postgraduate entrance examination" should be strictly controlled to meet the "high degree examination" of postgraduate entrance examination, and the "postgraduate entrance examination" should be further curbed. According to the national statistical bulletin on the development of education, from 1998 to 2021, China's master's enrollment expanded by 17.3 times, much higher than the growth of ordinary undergraduate enrollment (5.8 times) and doctoral enrollment (7.4 times). In 2007, the Ministry of education proposed that "the proportion of graduate enrollment expansion will be controlled within 5%, and put forward requirements for the quality of graduate training, but this proportion was later broken through. This is because there are two realistic "pressures" in the development of graduate education. First, the pressure of difficult employment for undergraduate graduates. Expanding the enrollment of masters can give more opportunities for undergraduate students facing difficult employment. Second, for many colleges and universities, whether to hold graduate education and the scale of graduate education are important indicators for China's higher education circles to evaluate the school running level. Corresponding to such indicators, many undergraduate colleges and universities are also actively applying for master's degree and doctoral degree, and transforming to comprehensive research universities. In the final analysis, these are the "pressure" of utilitarian school running. At present, to develop high-quality graduate education, curb the "college entrance examination" of postgraduate entrance examination and deal with the problem of high consumption of academic qualifications, we must bear these short-sighted and utilitarian "pressure", strictly control the enrollment scale of graduate students and improve the teaching quality level of undergraduate colleges and universities. According to the requirements of the general plan for deepening the reform of educational evaluation in the new era issued at the national level, party and government organs, public institutions and state-owned enterprises should take the lead in reversing the employment orientation of "only famous schools" and "only academic qualifications", establish a talent use mechanism oriented by morality and ability and targeted by job demand, change the "high consumption" of talents, and promote the formation of a good situation of reducing talents regardless of style. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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