Guangzhou Shamian -- an elegant and gorgeous European architectural "Museum"
2022-03-16
Guangzhou Shamian is a former British French concession. From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, the public facilities in Shamian concession have been basically complete, including consulates, churches, banks, post offices, telegraph offices, commercial banks, hospitals, hotels and residences, as well as clubs, bars, tennis courts and swimming pools. Most of its residents are consulates, banks Foreign firm personnel and foreign tax officials and missionaries. The institutions established here include Swire (UK), Mobil (US), Mitsubishi (Japan), HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank, etc., which are still active in the world market. There are more than 150 European style buildings on Shamian Island, including 42 distinctive new Baroque, imitation Gothic, coupon Gallery, neoclassical and Chinese and Western style buildings. It is the most exotic European architectural complex in Guangzhou and seems to be the "Museum" of European architecture. The building from No. 2 to No. 6, Shamian street, commonly known as the red chamber, was originally the foreign and Chinese members' Club of the customs. It is three stories high and built with red bricks. There are spire attics in the South and North, imitating the 19th century British Romantic architectural style; The building at No. 54 Shamian street was originally HSBC, imitating the western classical revival architectural style. It is four stories high. The outer wall of the second floor is built with through columns to the top of the third floor, and the pavilion with dome roof is built on the top of the building in the southwest; The building at No. 48, Shamian street, is the most representative building with three floors high and reinforced concrete structure. The corridors around it are arch shaped, and the outer walls are painted with washed stone meters; The Lude Catholic Church of Notre Dame at 14 Shamian street is small in scale and simple in structure, but it is still imitation Gothic at its entrance. Neoclassical It is characterized by imitating western classical revival techniques and pursuing majestic and rigorous. Generally, the bottom foundation is built with thick stone, and the main body of the building is classical column type and various combination forms, which are decorated in detail. For example, HSBC Bank, No. 54, Shamian street, has a regular plane, and different column combinations are adopted for facade treatment. The top floor at the corner is a small sunken roof, and the entrance at the bottom floor is a decorative door frame and round window. The French Oriental Credit Union Bank at 18 Shamian South Street and the Anglican Church at 60 Shamian South Street are also neoclassical works. The building at 54 Shamian street, formerly HSBC Eclecticism From the first half of the 19th century to the early 20th century, eclecticism was popular in the West. Eclectic architecture arbitrarily imitates various architectural styles in history, or freely combines various architectural forms. It does not focus on fixed French style, but only on balanced proportion and pure formal beauty. Because eclectic architecture often adds Baroque decoration to classical styles, it can also be called New Baroque style. Shamian British Consulate, Shamian British Yaxi fire Oil Co., Ltd. and Shamian pseudo Investment Promotion Bureau are eclectic. Coupon Gallery It is characterized by simple plane, continuous arcade combination on the facade, simple form, clear line feet and no other decoration. This kind of form is produced after western architecture was introduced into Southeast Asia to adapt to the local climate, so it is called colonial style. No. 48 Shamian street is a typical representative of this style. Gothic imitation The Lude church at 14 Shamian street is a beam column structure. The appearance still imitates Gothic and has Gothic style. Gothic architecture (English: Gothic architecture), or translated as Gothic architecture, is an architectural style that flourished at the peak and end of the middle ages. It developed from Roman architecture and was inherited by Renaissance architecture. Originated in France in the 12th century and lasted until the 16th century, Gothic architecture is generally called "Opus francisum" in contemporary times, and the word "Gothic" appeared in the late Renaissance with a derogatory meaning. Gothic architecture features pointed arches, ribbed vaults and flying arches. 14 Shamian street, Lude Church (Xinhua News Agency)
Edit：Li Ling Responsible editor：Chen Jie
Source：Net
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