Actively explore the homework design that reflects the guidance of quality education
2022-03-01
After the "double reduction", while comprehensively reducing the total amount and duration of homework, schools around the country are also actively exploring homework design that conforms to students' age characteristics and learning rules and reflects the guidance of quality education, especially in the relatively long spare time of winter and summer vacation, how to effectively use and guide students to continue meaningful learning, It is a problem that needs enough attention and in-depth thinking. Student assignments can be designed into many types Different teachers often show different personalities, and each discipline has its own characteristics. Therefore, teachers of different disciplines can always design creative and vivid homework, so as to guide students to experience rich and diverse learning experiences. Basic consolidation homework generally focuses on the contents or skills involved in students' learning in school to further strengthen and consolidate, or change the situation to promote the application of new knowledge, or change the conditions to guide the transfer of acquired skills. This kind of homework becomes the superposition of learning in class and plays a role in timely review and consolidation of learning effect. Knowledge expansion assignments often further expand and supplement the contents or skills involved in classroom learning, or supplement relevant background information to enrich classroom learning, or further expand classroom learning to draw inferences from one instance. As an extension of in class learning, this kind of homework has the effect of flexible gain and by analogy. Activity inquiry homework always comes from clarifying problems. Through a series of activity inquiry, or in-depth disclosure of single discipline, or interdisciplinary collaborative research, it can finally complete the discovery of new knowledge and the solution of problems. This kind of homework focuses on the research of relevant problems and points to in-depth learning and knowledge construction. Hands on creative work tends to the development of design thinking, the empowerment of imagination quality and the cultivation of hands-on ability, or into plane paintings or artificial creations. This kind of homework constitutes the whole process of expressive learning and emphasizes the visibility of learning "works". Comprehensive practical homework focuses on the acquisition of direct experience, tends to practice the activity experience, highlights social participation and service, and emphasizes social learning and practical learning. This kind of homework strengthens the connection between the school and the society and gives play to the educational effect of the social classroom. For holiday homework, knowledge expansion, activity exploration, creative creation and comprehensive practice will gain the ideal learning effect because the time and space that can be used and controlled are more abundant and free. At the same time, the foundation consolidation also needs to be properly involved to avoid being unfamiliar or forgotten. Design students' homework scientifically There must be common design standards behind various types of homework, which should not only respond to the fundamental task of Building Morality and cultivating people in curriculum teaching, but also reflect the scientific requirements of the law of education and teaching and the law of students' physical and mental development. From the perspective of objectives, the primary standard of homework should be the relevance of class objectives. The learning objectives that teachers assign any homework to achieve are closely related to the class objectives. Only in this way can we ensure the gradual progress of homework as a learning activity and the complementarity between homework completion and in class learning. The second criterion of homework goal is the pertinence of students' learning situation. Only the homework that responds to students' learning situation can ensure the accuracy and indispensable of homework tasks. The third criterion of operational objectives is the integration of functional objectives. All kinds of homework objectives should be integrated as far as possible. The "additive thinking" of designing a learning assignment for one learning objective will undoubtedly lead to an overburdened homework burden. Therefore, teachers are required to design homework intelligently, so that students can achieve multiple linked learning objectives through the completion of one assignment as far as possible, so as to achieve the learning effect of "getting twice the result with half the effort". The hierarchy of difficulty requirements constitutes the fourth standard in the goal of homework design. In the process of responding to students' learning situation and considering the differences of students' groups, only when the different requirements of homework fully guide the continuous and meaningful learning of students at different levels, such homework objectives can reflect their due Appropriateness. From the perspective of content, the freshness of content design has become the design standard of homework in content. The design of homework content also needs to break away from the stereotype of "only books", actively connect with students' experience and real life, so that students can experience and perceive the significance and value of learning through homework, that is, the completion process of homework is also a process of solving practical problems. At the same time, due to the situation of real life, The homework process itself can also bring students a different experience. The content design is vivid, which is not only based on what is learned in class, but also connected with the extracurricular life world, so as to effectively highlight the significance of learning. From the perspective of form, the design of operation form also requires richness and diversity. This reminds teachers that when designing the form of homework, it can be in the form of writing, reading or recitation; It can be the process of logical speculation, and can also be interspersed with the expression form of body art or language art; It can be completed by one person alone, or by interviewing or cooperating with others. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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