Call for automobile safety in China in the era of intelligent Internet
2022-02-18
The automobile industry is speeding up to the era of intelligent Internet. When the automobile has become the next generation of mobile terminal, the connotation of automobile safety has quietly changed: it not only includes the personal safety of drivers and passengers and road traffic participants, but also extends to people's privacy security, traffic system security and even national security. Industry insiders believe that with the rapid development of intelligent Internet connected vehicles, the safety of Chinese cars should be in the hands of the Chinese people, which requires grasping the key core technologies in their own hands, and the global automobile industry also needs Chinese solutions and Chinese wisdom to open up imagination space for the future of the automobile industry. Intelligent Internet connected vehicles speed up the road Recently, the Trial Measures for the administration of road testing and application of intelligent Internet connected vehicles in Chongqing have been deliberated and adopted and will come into force on March 1. Previously, the detailed rules for the implementation of road test and demonstration application of Tianjin intelligent Internet connected vehicles (for Trial Implementation) has been officially implemented since February 1. This is just a silhouette of the rapid development of intelligent networked vehicles in China. In fact, since July 30, 2021, the Ministry of transport, the Ministry of industry and information technology and the Ministry of Public Security jointly issued the management specification for road testing and demonstration application of intelligent networked vehicles (Trial), which has been implemented since September 1 of that year, all localities have adopted legislative innovation to provide institutional support for road testing and application of intelligent networked vehicles on open roads. Before Chongqing and Tianjin issued the detailed rules, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hefei and other cities had already issued relevant laws and regulations to vigorously promote the development of intelligent networked vehicle technology and industry. In the detailed rules issued everywhere, the intelligent networked vehicle is generally defined as carrying advanced on-board sensors, controllers, actuators and other devices, integrating modern communication and network technology to realize the intelligent information exchange and sharing between vehicles and people, vehicles, roads and clouds. It has the functions of complex environment perception, intelligent decision-making and collaborative control, and can realize safety, efficiency, comfort Energy saving driving, and finally can realize a new generation of cars that can replace human operation, and such cars are entering people's life faster and faster. Reporters in Beijing saw that the automatic driving scenes such as unmanned retail, microcirculation connection and park Rover have approached the public. It is reported that the intelligent Internet connected vehicle policy pilot area established by Beijing Economic Development Zone has taken the lead in releasing a number of innovative policies such as morning and evening peak test, expressway test, unmanned test and pilot commercialization of travel services. A total of 225 intelligent Internet connected test licenses have been issued, and the mileage of enterprises participating in automatic driving test in the demonstration area has exceeded 3.24 million kilometers. In terms of commercialization of application scenarios, Beijing has opened the pilot of commercialization of self driving travel services, with a total of more than 80000 service passengers, which is widely recognized by the public. The unmanned distribution scenario has realized the actual operation of fresh distribution and express distribution, and is gradually expanding the scope of application. The newly released road test report of Beijing autonomous vehicles (2021) shows that with the development of China's autonomous driving industry from the key technology verification stage to the product and business model verification stage, the application demonstration of the industrialization of autonomous driving has entered the deep water area. Industrial development is an important supporting factor for the development of automatic driving such as policy, supervision, demonstration scale, infrastructure, scene, product and business model, and puts forward the demand for further upgrading. Security risks have become increasingly prominent Among the many supporting elements for the development of the intelligent networked automobile industry, the most urgent upgrading demand comes from the safety field. The industry believes that with the continuous improvement of automobile networking and intelligence, while facilitating users' operation and improving driving experience, the risks of network attack and data leakage are increasing. Once the vehicle is remotely controlled or maliciously attacked, it will seriously endanger users' personal and property safety, and even threaten national and social security. "Compared with traditional vehicles, the electronic and electrical network architecture of intelligent networked vehicles is very complex. The increase in the number of electronic and electrical equipment and software code leads to an increase in safety risk points." Wang Yao, assistant secretary general and Minister of technology of China Automobile Industry Association, told the media. According to industry experts, at present, intelligent networked vehicles generally have up to 150 ECUs (electronic control units) and about 100 million lines of code, and it is expected to have about 300 million lines of code by 2030. An airliner has only 15 million lines of code, a modern fighter has about 25 million lines of code, and a personal computer operating system has nearly 40 million lines of code. Therefore, the complex electronic and electrical architecture and algorithm logic of intelligent networked vehicles, coupled with the changeable external environment, lead to the extremely complex software faults. Moreover, the potential safety hazards are not only in the car itself, but also in the whole life cycle of the car and various infrastructure, as well as the electromagnetic interference problems caused by the geometric increase of the difficulty of electromagnetic compatibility of components, the risk of hacker attack, etc. "More and more complex electronic and electrical architecture and algorithm logic have been introduced into the automobile, the causality determined under the traditional mechanical structure has been changed, and the automobile decision-making mechanism is gradually dominated by software and algorithm." Gong Zaiyan, head of the human vehicle relationship Laboratory of the school of automobile of Tongji University, said that some situations that were not expected in the initial design, such as slight changes in weather and ground adhesion, may have unexpected interference with the software algorithm. Such interference is not easy to summarize the law and is difficult to reproduce, which will indeed bring some uncertainty. Yang diange, President of the school of vehicle and transportation of Tsinghua University, said that the intelligent Internet connected vehicle has changed from the original information island to an information node. The data risks are roughly divided into three categories: hacker attacks affect driving safety, sensors violate the privacy inside and outside the vehicle, and the surrounding environment of the scanning vehicle affects national security. It is worth noting that the richer the intelligent functions of the car, the more corresponding attack points will be. Moreover, the ecological information processing chain of the intelligent networked automobile industry is long and involves many enterprises, including suppliers, automobile enterprises, post service providers, etc. compared with traditional industries, the difficulty of data processing and protection increases significantly. The increasingly prominent safety problems of intelligent networked vehicles have put forward higher requirements for the automotive industry. However, it is difficult to ensure that the vehicle enterprises "fight alone". Moreover, with the intelligent networked vehicles increasingly becoming a highly concentrated carrier of chips and artificial intelligence, the traditional automobile manufacturers have been "unable" to protect data security and urgently need to be more professional More powerful technical capabilities. In this sense, the safety of intelligent networked vehicles has been extended to the whole industrial chain. All parties must work together to build a safety protection system in order to improve the overall safety level of the industry. Automobile safety calls for China Program According to the IDC global intelligent Internet connected vehicle forecast report, the global shipment of intelligent vehicles will reach 76.2 million in 2024. Intelligent Internet connected vehicle security, especially data security, has attracted global attention. Statistics show that more than 140 countries and regions around the world have formulated laws and regulations related to privacy and data protection. How to use data in an orderly, standardized and reasonable manner has become the focus of attention. The rapid development of China's intelligent Internet connected automobile industry has also attracted much attention to China's automobile safety scheme and China's wisdom. According to Guo Shougang, deputy director of the first Department of equipment industry of the Ministry of industry and information technology, China's intelligent networked vehicles have shown a strong development momentum. The carrying rate of new passenger vehicles with combined driving assistance system has increased to about 20%, of which the carrying rate of new energy vehicles has exceeded 30%; The on-board basic computing platform realizes loading application, and the vehicle specification level lidar and artificial intelligence computing power have reached the international advanced level; More than 5000 square kilometers of open test areas and more than 10 million kilometers of total test mileage have been opened nationwide, more than 800 road test licenses have been issued, more than 3500 kilometers of roads have been intelligently transformed and upgraded, and the application of automatic driving of large port freight vehicles accounts for 50%. Zhao Yang, vice president of the automobile industry branch of the China Council for the promotion of international trade and vice president of the automobile industry chamber of Commerce of the China International Chamber of Commerce, also pointed out that China's automobile industry has achieved technological accumulation and breakthroughs in many fields. Relying on the dividends of artificial intelligence, intelligent Internet connection, 5g and other technologies, the automobile industry is constantly changing and upgrading. In fact, China is now accelerating the layout of vehicle road coordination, relying on the 5g technology that took the lead in the global layout to support the landing of intelligent networked vehicles. According to industry experts, in the 4G era, it may take 500 milliseconds for the information from the roadside camera to be transmitted to the vehicle. Such a delay can not meet the needs of auxiliary automatic driving vehicles, while the delay of 5g network can be compressed to tens of milliseconds, which can better support automatic driving at the roadside. In terms of top-level design of intelligent Internet connected vehicle safety, China keeps pace with the world. In recent years, China has successively issued laws and regulations such as network security law and data security law to clarify the basic principles and requirements of network security, data security and personal information protection. In 2021, the Ministry of industry and information technology solicited opinions on the guidelines for the construction of the network security standard system of the Internet of vehicles (smart connected vehicles), and proposed to preliminarily build the network security standard system of the Internet of vehicles (smart connected vehicles) by the end of 2023, and complete the preparation and revision of more than 50 key and urgently needed security standards, It also proposes that personal information and important data collected and generated in China should be stored in China according to law. The opinions on strengthening the access management of intelligent networked automobile production enterprises and products issued on August 12, 2021 requires strengthening the management of automobile data security, network security, software upgrade, functional security and expected functional security; Several provisions on the safety management of automobile data (for Trial Implementation), issued on August 20, 2021 and implemented from October 1, 2021, clarify the responsibilities and obligations of automobile data processors, standardize automobile data processing activities, ensure the rational and effective utilization of automobile data according to law, safeguard national security interests and protect individual legitimate rights and interests. This series of policies, laws and regulations have made clear provisions on the data security of intelligent networked vehicles, and also pointed out the direction for the rational and legal use of relevant data. China's leading science and technology enterprises have also formed unique solutions for vehicle safety through continuous exploration. According to the person in charge of Huawei, due to its long-term investment in data security, Huawei has established a perfect network security and privacy protection system for intelligent networked vehicles. Whether inside the vehicle or in the network connecting the vehicle and the outside world, there are a wide range of security systems: MDC (mobile data center) is the control center of intelligent driving, providing a comprehensive security architecture to protect the security of hardware, platform, access and application; Huawei designs its own chip, and the chip has an independent core, which means that there is a special security core that requires additional authentication; The automatic driving vehicle is built with a multi-level security system. Hung Meng OS is part of the security system, which prevents unauthorized access. The authentication certificate is used to protect all interactions between vehicle clouds, and the firewall and intrusion detection system are used to isolate threats immediately when they are detected, so as to avoid attacks on other areas. In fact, Huawei's intelligent vehicle solutions are also in a leading position in the world. Huawei is the world's first intelligent vehicle solution supplier certified by DEKRA Dekai ISO / SAE 21434, which is the key supporting standard of UN cybersecurity regulation UN r155. The standard was officially released on August 31, 2021 and defines the network of automotive electronic and electrical systems
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：Economic Information Daily
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