New film review and "new writing": types, characteristics and problems
2022-02-16
James? Joyce once thought in the portrait of a young artist, "Aquinas said, ad pulcritudinem tria requirtur integritas, consonantia, claritas. I translated this sentence into this: any kind of beauty must have three things, integrity, harmony and brilliance". So Joyce passed Thomas? Aquinas' theory defines three characteristics of beauty: intergritas, harmony and claritas. If it is applied to film creation, that is, every film director tries to make his works "complete". As an audience, he should fully mobilize his own knowledge structure and life experience to understand the internal "harmony" of the works. Only film critics can pass subtle and excellent beauty, sensibility and rationality Professional and accurate film reviews make the "brilliance" in the works brilliant and eye-catching. From this perspective, there is no doubt that film criticism has its own unique value. From the perspective of literary criticism, film criticism is an important branch of literary criticism. It is deeply in a huge historical tradition, and realizes the ultimate goal of "six classics note me" in the way of "I note six classics". At the same time, it is also an important mechanism for the recipient to give full play to his subjective initiative, deconstruct the meaning of the work, show his personal interpretation and realize the text dialogue. Because "the structure of the text is not a chain, but a limited means and function to convey infinity and openness... Critics can intervene in the text many times, communicate with the text repeatedly, and rewrite the text... Continuously extend infinity and openness", film criticism reconstructs the film text in a sense. From the Perspective of reception aesthetics, It fully shows the initiative of the receiving subject and the re interpretation of the open text. It not only fills the "gap" and "gap" in the text, but also excavates the "brilliance" that has not been shown in the original text. Film criticism has a powerful guiding function, and as the main body of criticism, we must have unique insight and sharp vision, not only fully affirm and praise the excellent films, excavate the internal "truth, goodness and beauty" of the works, and realize the effective dialogue between the works and readers; What is more important is to give timely criticism to vulgar and inferior films, arouse the turbid and clear up in the criticism field, give play to the guidance of criticism, and defend the criticism position with a clear criticism scale. This is the principle that film critics should always remember and practice in the practice of criticism. However, with the vigorous development of the times and the film industry, in the current complex film criticism field and public opinion environment, the evolution of the form of film criticism shows rapid changes. From the traditional film reviews with paper media as the main carrier, words as the main writing method and paying attention to rational, objective and professional expression in the past to the colorful situation of online film reviews or new media film reviews, in this process, many film critics have forgotten the scale and "golden line" of film criticism. On the one hand, they make full use of their professional knowledge to gain the voice of film criticism through market competition, so as to realize a life of fame and wealth; On the other hand, I hope to gain full professional confidence and respect in the production chain of the film industry. However, as everyone knows, the film critics of the new generation have long lost their sense of independence and dignity as an important part of cultural undertakings in the wave of business and "self professional dwarfing", "The new generation of film critics are often easily captured and incorporated by various powers and groups, and compete to become the defender of political censorship, the diner of second-rate directors and the consultant of film distribution companies.". In other words, in the face of the booming market pattern of mass culture and the rampant wave of consumerism, film criticism is also undergoing increasingly profound changes with the evolution of media form. From the early "PC era" to today's "mobile Internet Era", the change of film comment form can be called "seeing all the flowers of Chang'an in one day" with the development of Internet technology. According to the development of linear time, the author roughly divides the film review form of "PC era" into forum film review, blog film review and professional website film review; The film reviews of the "mobile Internet Era" are divided into microblog film reviews, wechat film reviews, short video film reviews, radio film reviews and digital film reviews. According to this division, it is not difficult to see that the purpose of early film criticism is to create a kind of mystery culture, and the driving force of criticism comes from the formation of a benign film criticism culture, hoping to continuously strive to improve film as a new art with unique professional knowledge, extraordinary aesthetic appreciation and good artistic feeling. Nowadays, as the subject of the film is becoming more and more professional, the audience will not hesitate to click on the title and even lose their self-awareness. In the wave of film criticism, they are becoming more and more professional, Sacrifice the professional integrity of film critics. All of the above require us to face the complex field of film criticism with a more serious attitude. In the face of the era background that China's film industry has become the largest ticket warehouse in the world in the new era, it is more and more necessary for us to reaffirm the importance of film criticism as a serious form of literature and art. Based on this, according to different media carriers, this paper defines film reviews written by traditional paper media (newspaper film reviews and academic professional film reviews) as traditional film reviews, and all film reviews published on the new media platform in the form of "writing" by other non paper media are called "new film reviews", and puts forward all problems on this basis, Explore where the "new" of "new film review" is, and what are the differences between "new" and previous film reviews? What are the obvious indications of the classification and specific characteristics of "new film review"? What specific problems does "new film review" have in the process of shaping film criticism ecology and film criticism culture at present, and how to further bring it into the standardized development track in the future, so as to create a new cultural landscape of film criticism that is "rational, profound, lively, harmonious and colorful". 1、 Where is the "new" of the new film review? It belongs to the era of paper media, as mentioned in the film review. Film critic Su Qiqi believes that in the era of paper media, film reviews can be divided into academic film reviews and "film reviews for the public". The former often "has a very stable basic form and is little affected by new media, while film reviews for the public... Have undergone significant changes". According to this view, the "new film review" we are going to discuss today should be the morphological evolution of "film review for the public", and academic film review of academic school is not included in this discussion scope. Therefore, "new film review" is actually a film review different from the traditional paper media to a greater extent. Through recent observation, the author tries to make a rough classification of "new film review" according to different media carriers and writing methods, which can be divided into digital form, text form, sound form and video form: "digital form" film review is the current digital video score, That is to "quantify people's opinions, attitudes, emotions and other complex factors about film and television works into one number". Take IMDB in its early years as a typical representative, including domestic Douban score, cat's eye score, time net score, and the scores of its major wechat public accounts (such as the film score of "yingxiangbiao"). The rating of "digital form" film review "is" because it is simple, objective and practical. It is often used as an important reference index in the daily conversation or film review writing of the public ", so it represents a certain choice of public opinion; "Text form" film reviews, the most mainstream film reviews that use text character codes as communication and writing media and use text symbol ideographic system for meaning consultation, have always existed in various forms of film reviews, including but not limited to from forum film reviews and blog film reviews in the "PC era" to microblog film reviews and wechat film reviews in the "mobile Internet Era", As a diachronic existence, the film criticism of "character form" will always run through it and last for a long time; The film review of "sound form" refers to the film review form that takes sound as the main communication medium, builds on the text review system, and transforms it into sound medium for film review content transmission. Audio film reviews on audio sharing platforms such as dragonfly FM, Himalayan FM, wechat public account audio and microblog audio. Such "sound form" film reviews are often mixed with film original music or soundtrack and film sound plot, so as to form a kind of "sound" shaping and transformation of film review culture; Kwai tiktok's movie reviews are the short videos of the movie and TV commentary, such as jitter, fast hand, micro vision, micro-blog, video frequency, B station UP and so on. They try to watch a classic movie in five to ten minutes by "shrinking". It has greatly satisfied people's "accelerated efficiency", "fast food mentality" and "knowledge anxiety" in watching movies. To sum up, with the changes of the times, dramatic changes have taken place in the form of film criticism, and these "new film review" types also came into being. So, compared with traditional film reviews, where is it "new"? The first is the "new" form, which can be discussed from two angles. One is the "new" form of film review content communication. In the past, it was the form of paper media. Now, with the continuous renovation and reform of media technology, the communication carrier of film review content is largely based on new media such as the Internet. The difference of communication media is bound to affect the production, communication effect and channel feedback of film review content, and then affect the thinking of film review; The other is the "new" form of film review content writing, that is, the "new film review" no longer follows a set of "eight part" routine of film review writing, but more respects the law of art review itself, and shows more "new ideas" and "simplicity" of film review from the principle of "beauty". On the basis of comprehensive consideration of film as a commercial and artistic audio-visual text, film critics should carry out film criticism without adhering to "fixed rules" from the perspective of the sound development of the film industry. The second is the "new" in the ideographic way of film review. "New film review" must be a comprehensive application of multi symbol system, rather than the previous writing practice of film critics' single character symbol system. Its "new" is based on the development of media technology. It has changed from the way of content output simply by text character code to the way of multimedia integration and multi symbol representation. Therefore, we can see that the current mainstream wechat film review is a "new form" of film review integrating sound ideographic system, image ideographic system and image ideographic system. Finally, it criticizes the "new" of the field. Film critics in the new media era are faced with a more challenging critical field and discourse structure than their predecessors. They have to deal with new issues in the new era. In the current critical field, there are many repeated and miscellaneous factors, such as cultural consumption demands, individual aesthetic differences, social value orientation, competition for market box office, construction of critical discourse and so on
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