Aviation technology behind ski jumping
2022-02-08
Among the wonderful ice and snow sports of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, ski jumping is a Winter Olympic extreme sport integrating speed, strength and courage. With its long jumping distance and beautiful posture, it is deeply welcomed by ice and snow lovers all over the world. The wind in nature is the closest partner of ski jumpers in training and competition. "Different ambient winds, different movement speeds, different body weights and different flight postures will produce corresponding air change laws, which is what the profession calls aerodynamic characteristics." Yuan Li, President of the Aerodynamic Research Institute of China Aviation Industry Corporation (hereinafter referred to as the aerodynamic Institute of aviation industry) and China ice and snow Science Consultant, told Science and technology daily. Yuan Li told reporters that after more than a year of wind tunnel auxiliary training and computational fluid dynamics research, the Institute of Aeronautical Industry aerodynamics has used aviation wind tunnel technology to make a historic breakthrough in the performance of Chinese ski jumpers - men jumped 140 meters for the first time, and women won the first place in the sub station in the international integral competition for the first time, Finally, the Chinese ski jumping team got three "tickets" for the Beijing Winter Olympics. Wind tunnel is the most commonly used and effective tool for aerodynamic experiments. It is known as the "pioneer" of the development of aerodynamic technology. The basic principle can be understood as that in the process of real motion, "the object moves and the air does not move", and in the wind tunnel, "the air moves and the object does not move", so as to simulate the aerodynamic characteristics produced by the mutual movement between air and objects. "Using the wind tunnel, we can get the force, speed, angle, rotation speed and other parameters in the process of movement, and then analyze and determine the best posture of equipment control and body; through the flow display technology, we can visualize the flow characteristics of the air flow around the test object, and the analysis and interpretation are more intuitive and convenient." Wang Chongli, a technical expert of the Institute of Aeronautical Industry aerodynamics and a Chinese ice and snow scientist, said. In 2019, after learning that Chinese platform jumpers have to make a special trip abroad for wind tunnel training every year, and the time cost and economic cost are very high, the Institute of Aeronautical Industry aerodynamics took the initiative to cooperate with the State Administration of sports and used the principle of Aeronautical aerodynamics to build two types of three special sports wind tunnels for Chinese platform jumping skiing projects, of which, The comprehensive sports wind tunnel built in Laiyuan is the largest and most comprehensive sports aerodynamic test facility of its kind in the world. Ski jumping and wind tunnel science and technology collided with each other, creating a brilliant spark. During the wind tunnel training of the ice and snow national team for more than a year, the scientific and technological personnel of the Institute of Aeronautical Industry and aerodynamics have been accompanied by the ice and snow athletes, fully communicated with the ski jumping national team, and formed a systematic scientific training scheme from assisted skiing, take-off to flight. "In the process of ski jumping and take-off, the skis of athletes slide down at high speed in the fixed U-shaped snow track. The different force states of footsteps will inevitably lead to the skis scratching the snow tracks on both sides, resulting in the loss of sliding speed." Wang Chongli said that through wind tunnel training, the strength of athletes' feet and the friction resistance of different action postures can be accurately measured through the instruments in the force measuring platform under the simulated relative wind speed, so as to comprehensively evaluate the strength of athletes' feet and take-off angle, so as to improve the sliding aid and take-off posture and improve the speed. "Hanging flying" is an important training in ski jumping. When the wind tunnel gives a given wind speed, the super large "electric fan" starts to operate, and the athletes take off under the traction of the safety rope. The relative air flow rising in the wind tunnel gives the athletes aerodynamic lift. "When the athlete is in the balance state of aerodynamic force and body gravity, the athlete can make the air flight posture of ski jumping, and can safely try to adjust the body posture in the wind tunnel to experience the impact on the body balance, so as to effectively improve the balance ability of the athlete to maintain the best posture in the air and control the snowboard flight." Wang Chongli said. According to Yuan Li, in addition to the wind tunnel assisted scientific research and training, another core technology of the Institute of Aeronautical Industry Aerodynamics - computational fluid dynamics (CFD) also provides a more effective means of assistance for the research of ski jumping. Through the three-dimensional scanning technology of human posture, the three-dimensional modeling of skiing assistance and flight posture of national team members of ski jumping has been carried out. Due to the use of computer simulation means, Therefore, we can obtain the information of athletes' body flow and air pressure in various parts of the body. Through the analysis of human body flow and lifting resistance under different postures, we can identify the main factors affecting sports performance, and provide a quantitative reference for the national team to optimize technical actions. (Xinhua News Agency)
Edit：Li Ling Responsible editor：Chen Jie
Source：Science and Technology Daily
Special statement: if the pictures and texts reproduced or quoted on this site infringe your legitimate rights and interests, please contact this site, and this site will correct and delete them in time. For copyright issues and website cooperation, please contact through outlook new era email：lwxsd@liaowanghn.com
Sci-Tech
Recommended Reading Change it 
Home
