Common symptoms or myocardial infarction warning? See through at a glance
2022-01-25
The snowfall in recent days has directly frozen the temperature. Cold weather can not only cause strong contraction of blood vessels, but also induce diseases such as hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and cerebrovascular accidents, and even fatal arrhythmia. The age of onset of acute myocardial infarction ranges from 80 to 90 years old and down to 20 years old. Studies show that from 2000 to 2013, the incidence rate of patients under 35 years old increased by 59%. Studies have shown that 70% - 80% of patients with myocardial infarction actually have myocardial infarction signals, but only about 25% of young patients will provide them to doctors, while 75% of young patients will not notice such myocardial infarction signals. Therefore, if we can recognize the signal of myocardial infarction, it is very important for patients to see a doctor early. Sore throat, cold or myocardial infarction? Pharyngeal pain can appear as a precursor of myocardial infarction in some patients. In fact, our knowledge of the pain site comes from the brain. The periphery gives the brain a lot of signals to tell the brain where the pain is, so people know the location of the pain. But the signals are sometimes confused. Because the nerves from the heart are mixed with many other nerves, the brain sometimes mistakenly believes that the source of pain is not the heart, but other parts. Generally speaking, in addition to the description of sore throat, there are other descriptions, such as burning and tight throat, and some patients describe "it seems that they feel like eating pepper". But in fact, not all sore throats are symptoms of the heart. How to distinguish the pharyngeal pain between myocardial infarction and cold? Generally speaking, the sore throat of a cold is inflammation, which lasts for one week. In addition to sore throat, there are other symptoms when catching a cold, such as runny nose, sneezing, dizziness and brain swelling, but the symptoms of runny nose and sneezing are often not combined with myocardial infarction. However, myocardial infarction usually takes less than a week, and the angina pectoris or early symptoms before myocardial infarction usually take no more than half an hour. Even if myocardial infarction has occurred, the symptoms of myocardial infarction usually take no more than a day. Shoulder pain, cervical spondylosis or myocardial infarction? When myocardial infarction occurs, there will be pain in the left shoulder blade with left upper arm, and uncomfortable feeling in the precordial area (chest). Therefore, the recurrent left shoulder pain before the onset is likely to be a signal of myocardial infarction. How to distinguish shoulder pain between myocardial infarction and cervical spondylosis? The relationship between shoulder pain of myocardial infarction and shoulder pain of cervical spondylosis is the same as the internal logic of pharyngeal pain just mentioned. If it is the shoulder pain of cervical spondylosis and scapulohumeral periarthritis, it will affect the local function and limit some movements, which is also an important link when the doctor asks the medical history. The characteristics of shoulder pain in myocardial infarction are mainly reflected in the influence of activity. The cause of myocardial infarction is that the blood vessels (coronary arteries) supplying blood to the heart are blocked, resulting in myocardial cell necrosis. During activity, the blood supply required by the heart increases, and the symptoms of ischemia caused by myocardial infarction will be more obvious. In addition, the duration of pain is also different. The premonitory pain before myocardial infarction usually lasts no more than half an hour, while the pain of periarthritis of shoulder may last longer, usually several days. Left arm pain, muscle injury or myocardial infarction? The sensory nerve of the left upper limb overlaps with the sensory nerve of the heart on the upload path. After it is transmitted to the brain, the brain may misjudge that the pain location comes from the left upper limb. If the left pain is accompanied by radiation pain in the chest, it is a typical pre myocardial infarction signal. How to distinguish myocardial infarction from muscle problems? The symptoms of muscle itself will affect function, while radiation pain will not affect function. In addition, there may be physical reasons for the numbness of the left upper limb, such as compressing the blood supply of the arm blood vessels or nerves in the left lying position during sleep. The symptoms can be relieved by adjusting the posture, and the radiation pain of myocardial infarction will not be changed by the change of posture. The hint of myocardial infarction has its own characteristics If this symptom is clearly related to activity, it is very likely to be an early warning symptom of myocardial infarction. If the occurrence of this symptom does not limit the function of this part, it is very likely to be caused by other diseases, including myocardial infarction. Physical methods cannot be improved. If this symptom cannot be improved through some physical methods, such as changing posture, kneading, pressing, massage, etc., some visceral diseases, including myocardial infarction, need to be considered. Generally speaking, the chest pain of myocardial infarction is described as "like squeezing", just like the feeling of pinching. Other descriptions include "choking on steamed bread and feeling blocked" and "feeling like pressing a stone on your chest". Please know the inducement of myocardial infarction When the temperature decreases, our skin feels the change of temperature, which will activate the sympathetic nervous system and resist the cold. However, while resisting the cold, it may cause some cardiovascular changes, such as the rise of blood pressure or the production of some chemicals, which makes the plaque on the blood vessel unstable, which is more likely to cause the rupture of the plaque and the growth of thrombosis. Satiety is a particularly classic inducement of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. If you eat too much, a large amount of blood will be distributed to the digestive tract to promote the peristalsis of the digestive tract and accelerate the absorption of food. If there is a problem with the blood supply vessel of the heart, it is easy to lead to insufficient blood supply. Some patients with heavy drinking will have myocardial vasospasm after heavy drinking. There are circular muscles on the blood vessels of the heart. When the muscle spasm occurs, the blood vessels will contract and the lumen will narrow, resulting in blood stasis and even thrombosis. Staying up late is also a particularly common cause of myocardial infarction. Feeling dizzy and brain swelling after staying up late is actually a manifestation of sympathetic excitement, which will be reflected in the contraction of blood vessels, the rise of blood pressure, the increase of myocardial contractility, etc. even some patients will have arrhythmias due to staying up late. In the case of sudden increase of nerve excitability, vasospasm and other reactions will also occur, resulting in sharp narrowing of the lumen and thrombosis. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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