Feng Jicai: the Spring Festival is the largest intangible cultural heritage of the Chinese nation
2022-01-25
"What makes us remember the year so deeply? It's culture." On the afternoon of January 24, Feng Jicai, a famous writer and cultural scholar, brought a lecture full of the meaning of the new year with the theme of "a good new year with a beautiful new year culture" through the live broadcast of the "air lecture hall" of Tianjin University. According to Mr. Feng Jicai, the Spring Festival is the largest intangible cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. For the revitalization of the Chinese nation, China's cultural heritage needs to be deeply understood by people. Only in this way can we produce cultural consciousness and self-confidence. With great interest, he counted the "busy year" events such as house sweeping, window decoration and stewed tofu from the small year to the new year's Eve, which were compiled into catchy ballads by people everywhere. The new year is approaching day by day, and the atmosphere of the new year is becoming stronger and stronger day by day. In fact, people have gradually entered the rhythm of the Chinese new year since they drank a mouthful of hot porridge on Laba day. Feng Jicai pointed out that the year is the product of agricultural civilization. People arrange production according to the four seasons of the life of all things in nature. Spring sowing, summer cultivation, autumn harvest and winter storage, and life follows the rhythm of the four seasons and the law of production day after day. The relationship between man and nature is "the unity of heaven and man". But people also have to create some "climaxes" in the plain daily life - that is, festivals. For example, each season has an important festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid Autumn Festival and Spring Festival, respectively corresponding to spring, summer, autumn and winter. Poets of all ages have written countless poems and chanted these festivals, from which we can feel that the festivals are full of people's sensitivity and feelings for nature. "In these festivals, new year has special significance," Feng Jicai said, "The four seasons go back and forth, and the year goes back and forth. The year is the end of the previous cycle and the beginning of a new cycle. Standing on the node of natural life and facing the blank days in front of us, people are full of hope, dreams and expectations, so a special Psychology - year psychology has emerged." What are people's psychological years? Feng Jicai believes that it is mainly "praying for blessings" and "dispelling evil spirits". "Blessing" is a good thing and opportunity in all life, "evil" is a bad thing and accident in all life. The new year is about to send the past away at the node of the old and new reincarnation, block the "evil", face the future and usher in the "blessing". This kind of new year mentality, ranging from national peace and good weather to physical health, family and beauty, appeared suddenly during the new year. It is extremely strong, ideal and enthusiastic. What is it expressed in? Use culture. This cultural expression is the folk custom of the Chinese New Year. Speaking of folklore, Feng Jicai explained: "folklore is a cultural way recognized by regions and nations and passed on from generation to generation. It has been handed down from ancient times to now, forming a set of customs with large scale, profound meaning, brilliant form, dense and complete." In the past, the Chinese new year was celebrated from Laba to the fifteenth day of the first month, about 40 days before and after. Feng Jicai pointed out that during the long Chinese new year, the most important thing is the new year's Eve, which is the new year's Eve, and the core of the new year's Eve is the "New Year's Eve dinner"; On New Year's Eve, "one night for two years, five nights for two years" is a magical moment. At this time, the family produces a huge magnetic force, which brings the whole family together, the children are filial to their parents, and the morality and emotion are strengthened again. "Go home for the new year" has become the most local and human sentiment. "If you are in a foreign land and can't go home at this time, you must call your parents on New Year's Eve. At this time, your voice is different from usual. It's the DNA of national culture that breaks out on you." Feng Jicai said that because people have too deep feelings and expectations for the new year and have too keen expectations for life in the coming year, in order to meet the new year's psychology, a large number of timely items have emerged, such as Spring Festival couplets, Fu characters, New Year cakes, paper-cut, new year pictures, lanterns, velvet flowers for the elderly, lucky money for children and so on. Feng Jicai especially mentioned New Year pictures. He once led the rescue project of Chinese folk cultural heritage to conduct a general survey of New Year pictures. He found 40 large and small producing areas and collected more than 10000 new year pictures in the New Year picture database. "I'm afraid it's less than 1% of folk New Year pictures. People use countless New Year pictures to comfort their hearts." Another example is the Spring Festival couplets. Feng Jicai mentioned that a spring festival couplet of the Tang Dynasty was found in the Dunhuang Sutra cave. "Three Yang began to spread and four sequences began to open". Since then, there have been many famous couplets for more than 1000 years. There are countless creations around the year, and these creations come from people's feelings for life. "We Chinese are so good at living that we turn a natural day into a cultural day, which heats up our hometown, hometown and old people. People use red to express warm celebration, eat delicious food, wear new clothes, and bless each other with auspicious words. Everyone smiles, and the yearning in ordinary life is realized on this day." Mr. Feng couldn't help sighing: "Nian is an enlarged day. In Nian, reality is idealized and ideal is realized. Nian is really a great creation of the Chinese people!" (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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