What are the concerns of front-line teachers
2021-12-14
From November 29 to December 20, 2021, The teachers' Law (Revised Draft) (Draft for comments) is open to the whole society for comments. After nearly 30 years, the teachers' law The revision involves such aspects as identity confirmation, teacher qualification, political thought, teacher ethics norms, rights and obligations, appointment management, rank promotion, salary distribution, medical treatment and pension treatment. In particular, the new problems and new countermeasures arising from the times are determined by the provisions of laws and regulations, so as to provide strong protection for current teachers and people with professional aspirations. Different from the concerns of society and media, the majority of grass-roots front-line teachers pay more attention to and think more deeply about the revision of the teachers' law because it is related to their vital interests. Our reporter interviewed front-line ordinary teachers in preschool education, basic education, vocational education and higher education all over the country, listened to their voices, and looked at their concerns and suggestions on the revision of the teachers' law. Identity: do preschool teachers get the status of national public officials? Hu Hua, head of the experimental kindergarten affiliated to China Women's College: we are more concerned about how to establish the social status and treatment guarantee of preschool teachers in national documents. The educational practice in the field of early childhood education is more complex than other stages. Kindergarten education is happening all the time. Preschool teachers must have a sensitivity to integrate into the body, a tact to play on the spot, an "impromptu wisdom", and achieve the integration of heart, hand and brain in order to achieve a more ideal educational state. In the draft for comments, many contents are the concrete embodiment of the spirit of the opinions on comprehensively deepening the construction and reform of teachers in the new era issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in 2018. It highlights the public attribute of the teacher profession, strengthens the national mission and public education service responsibilities undertaken by teachers, establishes the special legal status of public primary and secondary school teachers as national public officials, defines the rights and obligations of primary and secondary school teachers, and strengthens protection and management. However, preschool teachers do not enjoy the same rights as primary and secondary school teachers in many regulations. For example, "(special status) public primary and secondary school teachers are national public officials who enjoy corresponding rights and perform corresponding obligations in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations regulating public officials." "The funds required for salaries, welfare, social security unit contributions, allowances, awards and training of public primary and secondary school teachers shall be included in the financial budgets at all levels in accordance with the principle of matching their powers and expenditure responsibilities." "People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall strengthen the protection and management of public primary and secondary school teachers according to law." None of these statements mentioned preschool teachers. Does this mean that preschool teachers cannot obtain the status of national public officials like public primary and secondary school teachers? Li Wei (pseudonym), a kindergarten teacher in Sichuan Province, said that "local people's governments at all levels and relevant departments should give preference to local teachers in housing security policies. People's governments at county and township levels should give some support to rural primary and secondary school teachers in solving housing problems and build teachers' turnover dormitories as needed" , not including kindergarten teachers. In the adjacent article on medical treatment, it is stipulated that "the medical treatment of teachers in public primary and secondary schools and kindergartens shall enjoy the same treatment as that of local civil servants". I feel very sorry that the group of preschool teachers has not been included in the list of housing concessions. It is hoped that relevant departments and experts can fully consider the specific situation faced by preschool teachers and give more attention and protection to preschool teachers in the formulation of policies and regulations. Protection of rights and interests: is it necessary to add the clause of "supervision responsibility"? Ren Lifang, a special grade teacher in Jiangsu Province, a senior teacher and President of Chunjiang primary school affiliated to Nanjing Normal University: the revised draft solicits opinions from the society, reflecting the direction of national governance modernization. As a representative of front-line teachers, I am deeply grateful that the bill related to myself and peers can respond to teachers' concerns in this way. There are laws to abide by. It is hoped that through the revision of the teachers law, we can effectively solve the problems such as the non circulation of teachers in basic education and higher education, the coexistence of multiple identities of teachers due to lack of staffing in some areas, and the lack of normal supervision mechanism for the performance of government duties. In the past, some primary and secondary school teachers could teach in universities to meet the teaching needs of some practical majors; University teachers can also teach in primary and secondary schools to make up for some special professional teaching needs of basic education. For example, in the education of normal students for basic education, in addition to theoretical learning, consolidating the basic skills of teaching needs practice. Teachers who have long been engaged in basic education and have excellent professional ability may be more competent in the teaching of such practical majors, as well as other universities that need practical skill teaching. If the educational background is one size fits all, some early secondary school teachers and students, secondary school students, on-the-job graduate students studying for degrees without educational background, although they have a recognized professional level, they can not obtain the corresponding teacher qualification. The establishment of teachers' undertakings in some areas is insufficient. Teachers are supplemented by hired teachers and temporary teachers. In addition, private teachers and teachers compiled with reference to township undertakings left over from history often have a variety of identities and salaries of teachers in the same school, which makes it difficult to stimulate the enthusiasm of all teachers and improve the development level of the school. According to the development of social undertakings, the approved proportion of teachers' staffing and targeted allocation, which shall not be used for other purposes in the name of secondment. Should legal provisions be applied to ensure it? The teachers law has clear requirements for the government to perform its duties, as well as provisions on "ordering rectification", "administrative sanctions" and even "investigating criminal responsibility" depending on the circumstances. However, it is often difficult to implement it, and the channels for grass-roots units to reflect problems are not very smooth. Is it necessary to add the clause of "supervision responsibility" in the amendment of this bill? Shen Kuiyuan, vice principal of Central Primary School in Heshi Town, Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province: the exposure draft puts forward that "the funds required for the salaries, welfare, social security units' contributions, allowances, rewards and training of public primary and secondary school teachers shall be included in the financial budgets at all levels according to the principle of matching their powers and expenditure responsibilities." The current seniority allowance has been implemented since 1985, which is calculated according to the years of service. 3 yuan per month for those who have been engaged in their own work for 5 years but less than 10 years; 5 yuan per month for those with more than 10 years but less than 15 years; 7 yuan per month for 15 years but less than 20 years; 10 yuan per month for more than 20 years. More than 30 years have passed, but the standard has not changed. It is suggested that the calculation should be based on the year of teaching experience, rather than the calculation of teaching experience allowance in sections. For example, teachers who have worked for 20 years and 40 years hold the same 10 yuan per month, and the current 10 yuan is difficult to reflect the difference of teaching age allowance, which should be adjusted with the development of society. Lang Dexin, principal of Changcun Town Central School in Huixian City, Henan Province: when I was in school in 1975, the state recruited a large number of private teachers. Although the salary was very low, it still had a certain sense of superiority compared with other jobs, and became a career that young people who had just entered the society yearned for. The revised draft will improve and protect teachers' treatment and social status, which will stimulate teachers' sense of professional honor to a certain extent. But at present, once students are wronged in school, some extreme parents will go to school to make a lot of trouble, even insult, abuse and fight. In this case, schools and even higher education departments often instruct teachers and schools to compromise and apologize to parents to calm things down. It is suggested to strengthen the protection of teachers' legitimate rights and interests and maintain the normal teaching order on campus. Examination details: the "breaking" and "establishment" of building a team of high-quality teachers Shao Shuhong, associate professor of the Department of Applied Psychology of Shandong Binzhou Medical College: the revised draft brings "mental health" into the teacher consideration and evaluation system for the first time, and refers to the certification, evaluation, assessment and evaluation related to teachers' mental health in four aspects: qualification system, qualification certification, assessment system and medical treatment. This means that under the background of the new era, the state attaches great importance to the construction of teachers' sound personality and mental health from qualification acquisition, employment process to personal health. As a medical college, we found in our research that with the intensification of the competitive pressure in modern society, the relationship between family, school and teachers and students becomes more diverse and complex, and psychological education has been promoted to the same position as intellectual education, which poses an unprecedented challenge to teachers' mental health and has therefore become the focus of social attention. Teachers' good psychological quality and high-level mental health education ability will not only affect the effect of education and teaching and the development of students' mental health, but also directly related to their own professional happiness and sense of acquisition. The revision of the teachers' law, from the psychological assessment of teachers' qualification, the assessment of psychological ability in the teaching process to the assessment and medical help in case of problems, always pay attention to, check at all levels, and pay attention to teachers' mental health, which will be of great significance to teachers, students and school management. Yu Xin, teacher of Quality Education Research Institute of Wuchang Institute of Technology: the teacher evaluation system mechanism blurs the teacher quality structure to a certain extent. A standard teacher evaluation system based on classified management is the key to solve the problem of teacher quality. Therefore, it is suggested that Article 28 of Chapter V of the Teachers Law "schools or other educational institutions shall assess teachers' political ideology, professional level, work attitude and work performance" be revised to "schools or other educational institutions shall assess teachers' political ideology, professional level, work attitude and work performance in accordance with the principle of classified management", Lay a good governance foundation for building an educational power and start a new journey of building a team of high-quality teachers in an all-round way. Hu Gaofei, teacher and doctor of law of Marxism school of Hunan Institute of Engineering: it is suggested that legally speaking, signing employment contracts or labor contracts between schools and educational institutions and teachers is a legal act between equal subjects, but in fact, the former is in an advantageous position, Therefore, it is suggested that certain restrictions should be imposed on the signing of contracts between schools and educational institutions in the amendment of the teachers' law, so as to balance the rights and obligations of both parties. (outlook new era)
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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