Green forest land and golden treasure land
2021-11-19
The forest coverage rate of Guizhou is more than 60%, and the forest area is more than twice that of cultivated land. Relying on the mountains, Guizhou revitalizes forest resources, vigorously develops industries such as planting and breeding under the forests, improves the interest connection mechanism, realizes forestry efficiency, increases farmers' income, promotes green development, consolidates and expands the key achievements in poverty alleviation, and effectively connects with rural revitalization. In July 2021, Guizhou provincial Party committee and provincial government issued the opinions on accelerating the high-quality development of undergrowth economy. Guizhou undergrowth economy has realized the fundamental transformation from local exploration to provincial overall planning, from loose disorder to standardized order, and from pursuing short-term benefits to planning long-term development. In Guizhou, green forest land is becoming a golden treasure land. "The output of woodland is getting higher" At 10 o'clock in the morning, the fog in the mountains has not dispersed. Leaving Nayong County, the car circled up the mountain road to Huacheng forest farm. Stepping into the forest land, the reporter walked forward lightly for fear of stepping on the "baby pimple" in the soil. This "baby pimple" is red bamboo fungus, which likes Yin and humidity. The Huazuo forest farm with an altitude of more than 1700 meters and a forest coverage rate of 86% is suitable for cultivating Dictyophora Hongtuo. "The space under the forest is like a natural greenhouse, with appropriate temperature and humidity. The cultivated Dictyophora is almost the same as the wild Dictyophora," said Hu Jian, head of Hongtuo Dictyophora planting base of Huacheng forest farm. Dictyophora is known as the "Queen of fungi". It is rich in nutrition and delicious. The processed Dictyophora can sell for 700 yuan a kilogram. Aiming at the market opportunity, Huazuo forest farm has established a planting base of Dictyophora Hongtuo, covering an area of 1500 mu. 27.5 tons of fresh Dictyophora have been harvested this year. In the southeast of Huacheng forest farm, more than 10000 native chickens ran in the mountains. As soon as they saw people, they hid in the dense woods. This is the local chicken ecological stocking farm located in Yixin village, Huazuo township. What is "ecological Stocking"? "Bathe in the shade and cool the wind, feed grains, peck insects and ants in the forest, and eat wild vegetables and grass." Zeng Lei, the person in charge of Yixin ecological stocking farm, introduced that "the stocking farm uses forest land and returning farmland to forest land, with good ecological vegetation and environment and rich water resources, which is equivalent to the natural" running field "of native chickens." after each batch of native chickens are released, the staff will clean the stocking farm and let the next batch of native chickens "Admission". In mid November, the second batch of native chickens this year have been sold and will be sold to the Pearl River Delta. In Baiyangping, bomuzhai village, Liangshuijing Town, Sinan County, Dendrobium candidum is bound to the trunk of many pine trees in the mountains. "The trunk is straight and the bark is rough, which is suitable for binding Dendrobium." Zhang Chengyuan, a staff member of the imitation wild Dendrobium candidum planting base in bomuzhai village, introduced that the base has planted a total of 1100 mu of Dendrobium candidum, and 34.5 tons of flowers and fresh strips have been picked this year. "After returning farmland to forests for more than ten years, the output of forest land has increased." Zhang Chengyuan said with a grin. "Developing forest economy can not only make full use of forest resources and forest space, but also strengthen the protection of forest resources and achieve win-win ecological and economic benefits," said Chen Gang, relevant person in charge of Nayong County Forestry Bureau. According to local conditions, all localities in Guizhou have chosen the leading industries for economic development under the forest, and established four major business forms: Planting under the forest, breeding under the forest, product collection under the forest and forest eco-tourism and health care. In 2020, the province's economic utilization area under the forest was 22.03 million mu, with an output value of 40 billion yuan. As of the first half of this year, 321 under the forest planting and breeding bases of more than 1000 mu have been built in the province, and forest land has been developed and utilized The area increased to 24595000 mu, with an output value of 29.57 billion yuan in the first half of the year. "I didn't expect to make money in the mountains" Patrolling mountains, weeding and spraying water... This is the daily work of Zhang Changgao, the manager of the imitation wild Dendrobium candidum planting base in paomuzhai village. 57 year old Zhang Changgao used to be a poor household with a file and card. There were five people in his family, and the annual income of his family was only about 3000 yuan. After the Dendrobium candidum base was completed and put into use at the end of 2017, Zhang Changgao was hired as a manager. "The base has a fixed salary of 3000 yuan per month, there are two or three mu of forest land circulation in the family, and there are some land circulation expenses every year." with a stable source of income and the income from growing grain and raising cattle, Zhang Changgao built a new house with his daughter in July this year, "I didn't expect to make money in the mountains and forests!" In addition to regular employment, the industrial bases under the forest also attract local villagers to work nearby and flexibly. At the Hongtuo bamboo fungus planting base of Huazuo forest farm, six or seven women are cleaning weeds in the field. "The cooperative is responsible for coordinating and organizing the labor force. Villagers can sign up for work at the base when they are free, and 100 yuan a day is settled on a daily basis." According to Chen Gang, at present, Hongtuo bamboo fungus planting base has absorbed more than 500 villagers for employment nearby. Yixin ecological stocking farm adopts the "piece rate" wage system. When local chickens are sold, the villagers around will be asked to help catch them, and the income will be 1 yuan. For each chicken sold, the farmers of the cooperative will receive the corresponding minimum dividend. Guizhou adopts the mode of "company + cooperative + farmer", in which the company is responsible for providing technical guidance and production and sales, cooperatives coordinate land transfer and organize labor force, and farmers increase their income by means of forest land transfer, equity participation and participation in labor services. In 2020, Guizhou's understory economy provided 106600 stable jobs, effectively solving the problem of local and nearby employment of farmers during the epidemic. As of the first half of this year, the province's understory economy industry had driven a total of 3.2 million rural people to increase their income. "The goods should sell well and the brand should shout" Walking into the processing plant of Dafang Jiulong Gastrodia elata company, the newly steamed Gastrodia elata is steaming and has a faint bitter taste. Dafang County is located in the hinterland of Wumeng Mountain. The unique climate conditions are suitable for the growth of Gastrodia elata. Dafang Gastrodia elata also enjoys the reputation of "Gastrodia elata is produced in Guizhou, and the number of Gastrodia elata in Guizhou is generous". "The goods should sell well, and the brand should be famous." said Wen Wenping, head of Jiulong Tianma company, a leading Tianma planting enterprise in Dafang County. As early as 2004, he spent 80000 yuan to hire someone to design the brand image and registered the trademark. In 2008, "Dafang Gastrodia elata" was approved as a national geographical indication protection product. In Wen Ping's view, public brands can drive enterprise brand construction, and enterprise brands should also help public brands improve their popularity. "Last year, we invested 800000 yuan in free tasting products at the fair." the fair is an important position for the promotion of Gastrodia elata. Jiulong Gastrodia elata company participates in more than 20 fairs every year, bringing Dafang Gastrodia elata to coastal cities such as Guangzhou and Shanghai. In June this year, Jiulong Gastrodia elata company also tried to sell goods through online live broadcasting. "Live broadcasting lasted more than 20 minutes, sold more than 4000 orders, and the sales revenue was more than 600000 yuan." Wen Ping is preparing to carry out long-term cooperation with the live broadcasting team and platform. On the premise of joint efforts of public brand and enterprise brand, Gastrodia elata industry in Dafang County has developed rapidly. At present, the planting area of Gastrodia elata in Dafang County has reached 30000 Mu and the annual output value has reached 180 million yuan. Relying on leading enterprises such as Jiulong Gastrodia elata company, Dafang County has built a standardized and standardized Gastrodia elata product processing base and initially formed a Dafang Gastrodia elata industrial chain integrating production, research, supply and marketing. Guizhou adheres to the brand construction as the guide, "Dafang Gastrodia elata", "Zhijin bamboo fungus" and "tongzifang bamboo shoots" have obtained the national geographical indication product certification, laying a solid brand foundation for the development of forest economy. "Through the creation of brands, the problems of small product reputation, narrow market and low efficiency have been solved to a certain extent, and the brand competitiveness of forest products in Guizhou has been gradually improved." Guizhou forestry bureau official said. (Chen Junyi) (outlook new era)
Edit：Luo yu Responsible editor：Jia jia
Source：People's Daily
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