Thoughts on education in the new era caused by "double reduction"
2021-11-16
In recent years, after-school training has expanded rapidly with the help of capital. Some institutions have deviated from the law of education and teaching and the law of students' growth, increased students' schoolwork burden and parents' economic burden, and reduced the people's sense of gain. Adhering to the people-centered principle, the CPC Central Committee formulated and implemented the "opinions on further reducing students' homework burden and after-school training burden at the stage of compulsory education" from the political perspective of caring for students' healthy growth, reducing the burden of family education and consolidating the achievements of building a well-off society in an all-round way. The work of "double reduction" is a vivid practice of implementing general secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on education, an inevitable requirement for carrying out the party's educational policy in the new era, returning to the concept of educational development, remodeling the educational ecology and innovating educational governance, and will promote profound changes in the field of basic education, and ultimately achieve utilitarianism, return to public welfare, and try to become an exam oriented person. Return to quality, anxiety and rationality, and let children develop in an all-round and healthy way. 1. "Double reduction" is to implement the party's education policy The party's educational policy is the concentrated embodiment of the party's theory, line, principles and policies in the field of education, and plays a fundamental role in the development of education. In April this year, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress made a decision on Amending the education law, implementing the party's education policy as a national legal norm, which has become a legal requirement that all kinds of educational institutions at all levels must follow. The development of education in the new era should be in line with the party's educational policy, deeply implement the fundamental task of Building Morality and cultivating people, unswervingly adhere to the party's educational policy in both school education and out of school education, deeply grasp the political attribute, purpose, direction, objectives and tasks of educational work, focus on the fundamental problems of who, who and how to cultivate people, and focus on the future of the country and the nation, We will strengthen the political direction and correct misunderstandings and deviations, so as to make all kinds of education at all levels more in line with the law of education and the law of talent growth. The core task of the "double reduction" work is to strengthen the party's comprehensive leadership over education, abide by integrity and innovation, eliminate the false and preserve the true, adhere to student-oriented and problem-oriented, start from the background of talent training and the direction of building morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, strive to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique and labor, and strive to cultivate new people of the times who shoulder the great responsibility of national rejuvenation. All practices that are not conducive to the realization of this task must be resolutely changed. The implementation of the party's education policy in the direction and specific path of basic education reform is to adhere to the development of quality education, strive to build an education system for the comprehensive cultivation of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, and form a higher-level talent training system. To carry out the "double reduction" work is to optimize the environment for students to grow and become talents, strive to cultivate students' sense of social responsibility, innovative spirit and practical ability, promote students' all-round development and better cope with the changes of future society. On the one hand, we should make great efforts to deal with the problems such as the barbaric growth of off campus discipline training institutions, selling exam anxiety, boosting lazy thinking and opportunistic learning methods, and support their transformation of quality training; On the other hand, we should resolutely correct the examination oriented orientation of school education "emphasizing intellectual education, neglecting moral education, weak physical and aesthetic education and labor education", abandon the theory of only scores and only entering higher education, effectively integrate the party's educational policy into the whole process of educational administration, running schools and teaching, and strive to build a high-quality basic education system. 2. "Double reduction" is the return of the concept of educational development Education is not only the great plan of the country and the party, but also an important livelihood project. We should adhere to the people's expectation of "learning and learning" as our goal. Therefore, the concept of educational development should return to fairness and quality. Compulsory education is not a competitive and selective education, but a guarantee and basic education, which requires the government to bear the main responsibility of high-quality and balanced development. In recent years, the hardware construction of compulsory education schools has been greatly improved. The unbalanced supply mainly comes from the differences in education management, teachers and teaching resources. Therefore, Beijing takes promoting the balanced allocation of high-quality software resources in compulsory education as a major task of the "double reduction" work, and makes concerted efforts from four aspects: first, standardize the education and teaching order. The municipal, district and school levels have issued the basic requirements, basic procedures and basic norms for primary and secondary education and teaching respectively, strictly supervise and seriously deal with the problems of illegal enrollment, over outline and over progress teaching, etc. Second, improve the quality of education and teaching, comprehensively deepen the reform of curriculum and teaching, and promote classroom quality and efficiency. We should focus on the implementation of "Internet plus basic education" and rely on the new generation of information technology to promote every class and teach every student. Third, promote the exchange of cadres and teachers in a large area and in a large proportion, realize the flow of key elements of education from the three dimensions of exchange and rotation of principals in the region, balanced allocation of backbone teachers and allocation and rotation of ordinary teachers, promote the balance of high-quality education from the root, and let every child receive fair and quality education at home. Fourth, promote the full coverage of after-school services, improve the quality and enhance the attraction, and promote the overall promotion with classroom teaching to ensure that students learn enough and learn well in the school. The concept of educational development should return to public welfare and universal benefit. Private education belongs to public welfare undertakings. Compulsory education has a strong public product attribute. Both public schools and private schools, including after-school training institutions, must adhere to the public welfare attribute of education, "we can't turn the cause of conscience into a profit-seeking industry". We should control capital, not disrupt education, not profit from children, and not let out of school training be mercenary. In the "double reduction" document, the requirement of strictly prohibiting arbitrary capitalization, transforming profit from nonprofit to non-profit and guidance for charging price is to pursue profit and lose foam, remove capital to kidnap education, cut off the theater effect, reduce the burden of education and consumption of the people, and make the reform results affordable and the people. As the first city to carry out the "double reduction" work in China, Beijing is also an area where leading enterprises and listed companies in out of school training gather. It is trying first in this regard, and all work is being carried out firmly and orderly. 3. "Double reduction" is the reconstruction of educational ecology Good educational ecology is the due meaning of high-quality education system. In a good educational ecology, the interests of the educated should be in the highest position and protected. All components of the education ecosystem should aim at uniting people's minds, improving personality, developing human resources, cultivating talents and benefiting the people, work together and work together, so that educatees can obtain education that supports everyone's lifelong learning, education that is equal to everyone, education that is suitable for everyone, and more open and flexible education, So as to develop comprehensively and individually. The problem of "double reduction" stems from the imbalance of educational ecology to a great extent. In addition to the school education system, capital intends to build another system. Students, parents, teachers and schools are coerced and impacted by it. Love and hate are intertwined, cut constantly and reason is chaotic. To carry out the work of "double reduction" is to cut through the chaos with a quick knife, put order out of chaos, make schools, families and society secure their positions, and students, parents and teachers bear their responsibilities, so as to promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of educational ecology. From home school collaboration to home school community collaboration reflects the reconstruction of education ecology under the background of the concept of education in the new era. From the perspective of the three positioning, school is the main body of education, family is the community of education, and social education is a beneficial supplement to education. Only when the three return to their respective positions and play their due roles, can the goal of education be truly realized. We should consolidate the main channel and position of school education, enhance the competitiveness and creativity of school supply, and attract children on campus and in the classroom. Family is not only a weak link but also an important link in the educational community. We should strengthen the educational guidance and support to parents. At present, it is particularly necessary to accelerate the legislation of family education, clarify the legal responsibility of family education, and strengthen the cultivation, guidance and influence of family on students' moral quality, knowledge and skills, cultural cultivation and living habits. Out of school education includes not only out of school training institutions, but also various subjects such as Youth Palace and research and learning base. At the same time, it also includes all kinds of online education resources. It should be developed in a dislocation, personalized and characteristic way with in-school education, rather than taking over and rebuilding an education system. Educating people is not only a problem of schools, but also needs the concerted efforts of schools, families and society. The key reason why the "double reduction" problem has become so urgent is that there is not enough consensus, especially it has not been fully transformed into joint action, including offside training and inadequate family education and school education. To truly reduce the burden of students' homework and after-school training, we must further emancipate our minds, gather consensus, deepen the reform of the supply side structure of basic education, and build a closer and more effective collaborative education community. In the work of "double reduction", Beijing has held a series of policy lectures, press conferences, 10000 presidents' meetings, school parents and teachers' meetings, and carried out the activity of "university study, university research and discussion", which has laid an ideological foundation for the family, school and society to work together to tackle the "double reduction". At the same time, Beijing is promoting the improvement of the family school society collaborative education system. Introduce the home visit system for primary and secondary schools, and make it clear that each student receives a home visit every semester. We will implement the family education guidance service plan, pilot build family education studios in primary and secondary schools, further strengthen the construction of online parent schools and parent classrooms in primary and secondary schools, and give full play to the role of parent committees. Relying on the mechanism of "street and Township whistle blowing and department check-in", give play to the role of the community in the governance of after-school training institutions, after-school services, summer trusteeship, etc. 4. "Double reduction" is an innovation of educational governance For a long time, the focus of the education management department has been on the development of education. Industry governance is the weakness and weakness of education management. There are some problems, such as weak awareness, insufficient strength, few methods and so on. The work of "double reduction" poses a great challenge to the original educational governance, which requires the innovation of governance concepts, governance models and governance tools to promote the transformation of education management departments from school management to industry management, from separate management to joint governance, and from traditional management to intelligent governance. We should strengthen source control. The key of "double reduction" lies in the school and the way out lies in reform. Beijing adheres to the problem orientation, reforms the "baton" of examination and enrollment, improves the quality of examination propositions, reduces the subjects and frequency of high school entrance examination, strengthens the process assessment of physical education, enriches the admission methods of high school entrance examination, desalinates the determination of life in one examination, and promotes the comprehensive reduction of burden by reducing the burden of examination, so as to further deepen the comprehensive reform of basic education. We should strengthen systematic governance. Systematic governance emphasizes that reform should be high, wide coverage and stable landing. Beijing takes the "double reduction" as a major and overall political task, makes overall planning at a high level, centralizes the work of two-level special classes in the urban area, sets up new special institutions in the Municipal Education Commission and four key districts, determines the work schedule, road map and responsible persons, adheres to the simultaneous efforts inside and outside the school, and manages both online and offline. Establish a risk prevention and disposal mechanism of high-level coordination and joint prevention and treatment, and timely do a good job in risk prevention and control from four aspects: risk assessment, monitoring and early warning, conflict resolution and cracking down according to law. In the process of governance, pay attention to the use of information technology to improve governance efficiency, establish a management platform for training institutions, realize the "five management" of funds, students, teachers, courses and materials, and realize systematic governance.
Edit：Yuanqi Tang Responsible editor：Xiao Yu
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